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Technical Refresher

Technical Refresher. Session 3. Overview. Difference between communication between devices on a single logical network and communication between different logical networks. Role of a router/gateway in such a set of logical networks. Available protocols Exercises: Static routes Using OSPF.

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Technical Refresher

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  1. Technical Refresher Session 3

  2. Overview • Difference between communication between devices on a single logical network and communication between different logical networks. • Role of a router/gateway in such a set of logical networks. • Available protocols • Exercises: • Static routes • Using OSPF

  3. Routing basics • Routing: How networks discover what paths they can use to send data packets. • Best route goals can include: • Shortest hops • Fastest links • Route around network failure

  4. The role of the router • Sits at connection point between networks. • Primary functions: • Send information to correct destination • Send information ONLY to correct destination and nowhere else (save network resources)

  5. Within a logical network • Machines are physically connected via switches or hubs • Each device has a Layer 2 MAC address -- associated with Layer 3 IP address using Address Resolution Protocol • Network address and mask define boundaries of logical network

  6. Between logical networks • All traffic routed via default gateway • Rules that determine where gateway sends packet = routes • A route is a tuple specifying: • Destination network (address/mask pair) • Gateway (IP address)

  7. Exercise 1: Static Routes • Simulate a single ISP using static routes throughout its network

  8. Dynamic Routing • Static routing doesn’t scale beyond a couple of devices – 36 routes in this network! • If edge routers can exchange information: only 9 routes needed. • So, networks need a way to distribute routes between routers: OSPF and iBGP!

  9. Exercise 2: Dynamic Routing • Dynamic routing using OSPF • See detailed notes in handout

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