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Evolution of Labor Unions in the United States

Explore the history, legislation, and challenges of organized labor movements in the US. Discover the impact of Labor Acts, types of union workplaces, and collective bargaining methods.

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Evolution of Labor Unions in the United States

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  1. Organized Labor Labor Unions • An organization that helps workers improve working conditions, wages, and benefits. • Membership peaked in the 1930’s at 30% • Today, about 10% of US workers belong to a union

  2. Labor Movement – 1800’s • Rise of factories led to difficult and dangerous working conditions. • Long days, long weeks, low pay • Discontent grew to organized protests • Strikes – work stoppage • Higher wages, shorter hours, safer workplace

  3. Labor Movement – 1900’s Pro-union Legislation: • 1932 Norris-La Guardia Act • Outlawed yellow-dog contracts • 1935 National Labor Relations Act • Gave workers the right to organize • 1938 Fair Labor Standards Act • Created the minimum wage, outlawed child labor, and established OT

  4. Decline of the Labor Movement • Unions could be an obstacle to replace outdated and inefficient production methods. (Featherbedding) • Taft-Hartley Act of 1947 • Right-to-work laws ban mandatory union membership • President can delay a strike for 80 days • 1981 PATCO

  5. The Decline of Unions • Less Blue-collar jobs • More women in the workforce • More jobs shifting to the south • Most union goals have been achieved • Shorter work weeks • Safer workplace • Better benefits

  6. Types of Union Workplaces • Closed shop • Hires only union members, now illegal • Union shop • Hires nonunion members, but requires them to join the union with a certain time. • Agency shop • Hires nonunion workers and does not require them to join the union. However, they still need to pay union dues.

  7. Labor Imperfection • Restrict Membership • Union card, license, certification • Collective Bargaining • Union represents large number of employees, with many different goals. • Seniority and Protection

  8. Collective Bargaining • Mediation • A settlement technique in which a neutral mediator meets with each side to try and find a common ground. Nonbinding. • Arbitration • A settlement technique in which a third party reviews the case and imposes a decision that is binding.

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