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CHAPTER 27

CHAPTER 27. WORLD WAR II. SECTION 1. EARLY DIFFICULTIES. OBJECTIVES. Analyze the strengths and weaknesses of the Allied and Axis Powers Outline the steps the U.S. took to prepare for war Identify locations where the Japanese military attacked after Pearl Harbor

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CHAPTER 27

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  1. CHAPTER 27 WORLD WAR II

  2. SECTION 1 EARLY DIFFICULTIES

  3. OBJECTIVES • Analyze the strengths and weaknesses of the Allied and Axis Powers • Outline the steps the U.S. took to prepare for war • Identify locations where the Japanese military attacked after Pearl Harbor • Discuss the early turning points of the war in the Pacific • Relate the major battles in Europe and N. Africa in 1942

  4. ALLIED STRENGTHS • U.S. had production capacity • U.S.S.R. had vast manpower • GB and U.S.S.R had not been defeated

  5. ALLIED WEAKNESSES • Faced a long drawn out fight on several fronts • Enemy held firm control over enormous areas

  6. Eastern Front

  7. Western Front

  8. AXIS STRENGTHS • Better prepared for war • Held firm control over invaded areas • Had been rearmed since the 1930’s • Already had airfields, barracks, and training centers • Economies were ready for war

  9. AXIS WEAKNESSES • Had to defend multiple fronts

  10. STEPS THAT U.S. TOOK TO PREPARE FOR WAR • Production boom – unemployment dropped from 14.6% to 1.2%

  11. STEPS THAT U.S. TOOK TO PREPARE FOR WAR • Government expansion – production switched to military goods • War Production Board was created

  12. STEPS THAT U.S. TOOK TO PREPARE FOR WAR • Directing the economy – New Income Tax for middle and lower classes

  13. STEPS THAT U.S. TOOK TO PREPARE FOR WAR • Raising an army Selective Training and Service Act – 1st peacetime draft in our history (18-45) WAAC – Women’s Auxiliary Army Corp (300,000) volunteers WASP’s – Women Air Force Service Pilots

  14. WAAC’S

  15. WASP’S

  16. WAR IN THE PACIFIC • Douglas MacArthur – General in U.S. Army in the Pacific

  17. WAR IN THE PACIFIC • Bataan Death March, April 1942 (Philippines) • 70,000 P.O.W.’s forced to march thru the jungle to prison camp. 10,000 died • Japanese were brutal – no water, men beaten, shot, disease spread

  18. HALTING THE JAPANESE ADVANCE • Battle of Midway (NW of Hawaii) • U.S. victory • Turning point – U.S. intercepted codes • U.S. sank 4 aircraft carriers & 253 planes • Battle prevent Japan from seizing Midway Islands and possibly Hawaii

  19. HALTING THE JAPANESE ADVANCE • Aleutian Islands in June of 1942 • Japan attempted to seize these Alaskan Islands • Japan wanted to lure our ships away from Hawaii

  20. HALTING THE JAPANESE ADVANCE • Guadalcanal – in Solomon Islands (NE of Australia) • 1st counteroffensive by the U.S. • 6 month holding of the island • U.S. need the airport

  21. NORTH AFRICA IN 1940 • Erwin Rommel (Desert Fox) German commander – attempted to seize the Suez Canal and the oil fields of the Middle East

  22. NORTH AFRICA IN 1940 • Bernard Montgomery – British General – forced Rommel out of Egypt • Help turn the corner for the Allies in North Africa • Allies thus successful in North Africa

  23. STALINGRAD IN JUNE OF 1941 • Germany invades Soviet Union • German’s capture industrial centers in the Ukraine • Soviets held onto Leningrad • Soviets surrounded Germans in Stalingrad • Winters saves the Soviets • 200,000 German casualties • Hitler forbids the Germans to surrender

  24. SECTION 2 THE HOME FRONT

  25. OBJECTIVES • Describe how the U.S. tried to keep wartime morale high • Describe what life was like in the U.S. during WWII • Relate how women contributed to the war • Discuss the war’s effect on Japanese Americans

  26. PROMOTING THE WAR • Office of War Information – controlled the flow of war news at home and radio broadcasts (propaganda)

  27. Office of War Information

  28. ROSIE THE RIVETER • She was the symbol of patriotic female defense workers • She portrayed the importance of the female worker

  29. ZOOT-SUIT RIOTS • Racial conflict with Mexican-Americans in Los Angeles • They worked on wartime assembly lines • They adopted the fad of wearing zoot suits • U.S. sailors attacked the Mexican-Americans wearing the zoot suits • Government ended the harassment

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