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Interaction Overview

Interaction: devices, technologies, and techniques New Interaction Techniques Roope Raisamo ( rr@cs.uta.fi ) Department of Computer and Information Sciences University of Tampere, Finland. Interaction Overview. Human-Computer Interaction Interaction devices Interaction technologies

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Interaction Overview

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  1. Interaction: devices, technologies, and techniquesNew Interaction TechniquesRoope Raisamo (rr@cs.uta.fi)Department of Computer and Information SciencesUniversity of Tampere, Finland

  2. Interaction Overview • Human-Computer Interaction • Interaction devices • Interaction technologies • Interaction techniques • Examples

  3. A model of human-computer interaction [MIAMI, 1995]

  4. Input and output [MIAMI, 1995]

  5. Interaction devices • Interaction devices • Input devices • Output devices • often the both sides are present in the same device • Based on many different ways of sensing the user and giving feedback or presenting information to the user

  6. Input devices • Input devices • indirect pointing devices • direct pointing devices • keyboards • microphones • video cameras • body sensors • RF tags • dolls (e.g., Barney) • …

  7. Input devices • Indirect pointing devices • mice • trackballs • trackpoints • joysticks • … • Direct pointing devices • tablets • touchscreens • touchpads • …

  8. Input technologies • Input technologies • speech recognition • speaker recognition • machine vision • eye tracking • head tracking • gesture tracking • touch sensing • pressure sensing • …

  9. Output devices • Output devices • monitors • earphones • loudspeakers • force feedback devices • haptic devices • dolls (e.g, Barney) • …

  10. Output hardware • Output processing hardware • sound cards • graphics cards • interface cards • ...

  11. Output technologies • Output technologies • speech synthesis • audio-visual speech synthesis (e.g., a talking head, an artificial person) • haptic/tactile feedback • stereoscopic displays • …

  12. Levels of input abstractions [Foley et al., 1990, pp. 394-395] • Binding level • hardware primitives are bound to software events • Sequencing level • combining data to obtain the complete command, special emphasis on the synchronization of input events • Functional level • what information is needed for each operation on the object, how to handle the errors, and what the results of an operation are

  13. Interaction techniques Robert Jacob [1993]: • “An interaction technique represents an abstraction of some common class of interactive task, for example, choosing one of several objects shown on a display screen. Research in this area studies the primitive elements of human-computer dialogues, which apply across a wide variety of individual applications.”

  14. Interaction techniques Foley et al. [1990]: • An interaction techniqueis a way of using a physical input device to perform a generic task in a human-computer dialogue. Our definition on this course [Raisamo, 2000]: • An interaction technique is a way to carry out an interactive task. It is defined in the binding, sequencing, and functional levels, and is based on using a set of input and output devices or technologies.

  15. Examples • CHI’99 Video Proceedings: Touch-Sensing Input Devices (2:42) • UIST’98 Video Proceedings: Path Drawing in 3D Walk Through (5:30) • CHI’98 Video Proceedings: Triangles: Tangible Interface for Manipulation and Exploration of Digital Information Topography (2:00) • CHI’97 Video Proceedings: A GUI Paradigm Using Tablets, Two hands, and Transparency (10:18)

  16. Homework (18.1.) • Read Rob Jacob’s article ”The future of input devices”, http://www.cs.tufts.edu/~jacob/papers/sdcr_final_paper.html

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