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Age of Discovery

Age of Discovery. The Portuguese Maritime Empire. Beginnings. Prince Henry the Navigator 1394-1460 In 1419, he founded a school of navigation on the southwestern coast of Portugal. Prince Henry the Navigator.

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Age of Discovery

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  1. Age of Discovery The Portuguese Maritime Empire

  2. Beginnings • Prince Henry the Navigator • 1394-1460 • In 1419, he founded a school of navigation on the southwestern coast of Portugal

  3. Prince Henry the Navigator • Sought Prestor John – a mythical Christian King in Africa to ally against the Muslims in north Africa • Desired new trade routes for Portugal • Devoutly Catholic

  4. Prince Henry the Navigator • As a result of his influence, Portuguese sailors began a series of voyages south along the African coast • Sought to find the source of gold and eliminate the Arab middle-man • This also involved them in the sale of black Africans • The Portuguese established forts and factories all along the African coast

  5. Bartolomeu Dias • Having mastered the winds and currents of the south Atlantic, Portuguese sailors now sought a route to India • In 1487, Diaz became the first European to reach the Cape of Good Hope

  6. Vasco da Gama • Ten years after Dias, da Gama sailed beyond the Cape to the east African coast • Controlled by Muslim merchants, he secured a veteran navigator who had knowledge of the monsoon winds of the Indian Ocean

  7. Indian Ocean Trade

  8. Voyage of Vasco da Gama

  9. Vasco da Gama • Arrived at the port of Calicut on May 18, 1498 • Calicut was an important trading spot along the route from the Spice Islands • Returning with his two remaining ships, loaded with ginger and cinnamon, he earned investors in his voyage a profit of 3000%.

  10. Spices & Jewels • Europeans had an insatiable appetite for the products of Asia • Spices in great demand included cloves, nutmeg, ginger, cinnamon, pepper • If the Portuguese could dominate the Indian Ocean trade, these products would be much cheaper and the Portuguese monarch would benefit

  11. Spice Islands – Muslim Control

  12. Alfonso de Albuquerque • In 1510, Albuquerque established his headquarters at Goa, on the western coast of India • In 1511, he attacked Malacca in an attempt to control the valuable spice trade

  13. Portuguese Empire • After a brief battle, the Portuguese seized the city and, in a preview of things to come, killed the entire city • There they built a fort, a factory (warehouse) and a church • From this point, they were able to launch voyages to the Spice Islands and China

  14. Portuguese Empire • A Gunpowder Empire • Better navigation technology • But, Portugal was too small to maintain such a large empire and rivals soon appeared on the scene

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