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Basics of Rhetoric

Basics of Rhetoric. Building a Powerful and Convincing Argument. What is “rhetoric”?. Definitions: The study and practice of effective communication. The study of the effects of texts on audiences. The art of persuasion.

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Basics of Rhetoric

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  1. Basics of Rhetoric Building a Powerful and Convincing Argument

  2. What is “rhetoric”? Definitions: • The study and practice of effective communication. • The study of the effects of texts on audiences. • The art of persuasion. • An insincere eloquence intended to win points and manipulate others.

  3. What is “rhetoric”? “…the faculty of observing in any given case the available means of persuasion.” (Aufses, Shea and Scanlon 1)

  4. Socrates Aristotle Plato

  5. Does this look familiar?

  6. Aristotelian Triangle Speaker Audience Subject

  7. Rhetorical Appeals • Appeal - (1) the quality that makes somebody or something pleasant or desirable • Logos – an appeal to reason • Ethos – an appeal to character • Pathos – an appeal to emotion

  8. Speaker Providing the audience with clear and specific details/ examples/ facts in order to make the seem more reasonable. Audience Subject Logos

  9. How Logos Affects Your Writing: Facts make you believable! People TRUST facts! The more details and examples the clearer your argument. With a variety of supporting details, the audience has a better understanding of what you “mean”.

  10. Speaker Ethos Convincing the audience of one’s authority/ expertise/ credibility regarding the subject to make his/her words more believable. Audience Subject

  11. How Ethos Affects Your Writing: Writing well makes people believe you and the ideas you present. If your writing contains few errors, you must, as an author, care about the subject being discussed and can therefore be trusted.

  12. Speaker Playing on the audience’s emotions/ sympathies/ sensibilities make the argument more powerful. Audience Subject Pathos

  13. How Pathos Affects Your Writing: Your writing will be more profound and interesting to the audience. Getting emotion involved stirs a strong desire to act and adopt a way of thinking. If people empathize with what you are saying, they will believe you.

  14. A Well “Rounded” Approach Speaker Audience Subject

  15. Ethos Speaker Audience Subject Pathos Logos

  16. Logos, Ethos, or Pathos? Pathos

  17. Logos, Ethos, or Pathos? Logos Ethos

  18. Logos, Ethos, or Pathos? Ethos

  19. Logos, Ethos, or Pathos? Ethos Pathos

  20. Logos, Ethos, or Pathos? Ethos

  21. Elements of Style • Scheme- artful arrangement of words with respect to each other; syntax • Balance • Repetition • Omission • Word order

  22. Elements of Style • Trope – deliberate selection of words in consideration of the exigence and audience; semantics • Word play • Exaggeration • Comparison

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