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Types and Levels of Knowledge

Types and Levels of Knowledge. Facts Concepts Generalizations Declarative Procedural Metacognitive . Facts: Unique Instances . Facts are single instances of information that one believes to be true. They may not be true. Biddeford is in Maine. Doug is your professor.

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Types and Levels of Knowledge

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  1. Types and Levels of Knowledge

  2. Facts • Concepts • Generalizations • Declarative • Procedural • Metacognitive

  3. Facts: Unique Instances • Facts are single instances of information that one believes to be true. They may not be true. • Biddeford is in Maine. • Doug is your professor. • Facts by themselves do not lead to understanding within a given field. Rather, one must infer from facts, or interpret the facts to rise to higher levels of understanding.

  4. Concepts • Concepts represent categories or sets of examples. Concepts will always have multiple examples. • People naturally learn many concepts • Moms, Bicycles, Candy, House, Pets • Many other concepts are taught in school: • States, Courts, Presidents, Birthdays, Planets, Cells, Ecosystems

  5. Concepts have Distinguishing Features • Concepts are learned through repeated exposure to examples • With focus on distinguishing features • What are the distinguishing features of College Resident Halls? • It often helps students learn concepts by having them distinguish between correct examples and close non-examples.

  6. Kindergarten Concept Lesson

  7. Generalizations: Complete Ideas • Generalizations are complete statements that link together concepts. • They often represent ideas that across time or place. • Families have many different forms. • Oxygen is an essential requirement for life. • Generalizations may be supported or not supported by evidence. Having students support their generalizations is a good teaching practice.

  8. Declarative Knowledge • Declarative Knowledge refers to the content of a particular area of study. This would include the facts, concepts and generalizations of that topic. • You could think of declarative knowledge as the knowledge “about” the topic.

  9. Declarative Car Knowledge • The written test for a driver’s license • Location and function of brake, windshield wiper controls, lights, radio, type of fuel to use, etc. • You can know all of the above and NOT be able to drive a car.

  10. Procedural Knowledge • The knowledge of performing a cognitive or behavioral skill. • Driving a car • Reading • Writing • Lab work • Solving math problems • Writing learning targets

  11. Sounding Out Words

  12. Metacognitive Knowledge • Metacognition is self awareness and reflection. • Different levels • Know that you understand • Know what to do when you do not understand • Know a range of strategies for learning • Know your emotional state

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