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Sony Emotion Engine

Sony Emotion Engine. architectural overview. 2002.5.20 Kim L. Vu. Acronyms. ALU Arithmetic Logic Unit COP Coprocessor DMAC Direct Memory Access Controller DSP Digital Sound Processing EE Emotion Engine EFU Elementary Functional Unit GIF Graphics Interface

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Sony Emotion Engine

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  1. Sony Emotion Engine architectural overview 2002.5.20 Kim L. Vu

  2. Acronyms • ALU Arithmetic Logic Unit • COP Coprocessor • DMAC Direct Memory Access Controller • DSP Digital Sound Processing • EE Emotion Engine • EFU Elementary Functional Unit • GIF Graphics Interface • IPU Image Processing Unit • MAC Multiply-Accumulate • RDRAM Rambus Dynamic RAM • SPRAM Scratch-Pad RAM • VPU Vector Processing Unit

  3. Overview (ps2 architecture)

  4. Emotion Engine • VU0 thought simulation, AI, physics calculations SIMD, VLIW architecture • VU1 fixed geometry calculations • CPU + FPU program control • IPU real-time image data decompression

  5. Emotion Engine Features • 300Mhz MIPS III CPU • Two-issue superscalar,128-bit multimedia extensions • 16k, 2-way instruction cache • 8k, 2-way data cache • 16k “scratch pad” RAM • Vector Units • Both have 4 FMACS + 1 FDIV • EFP (Elementary function unit) in VU1 • 1 FMAC + 1 FDIV • 128-bit data bus • IPU – MPEG2 decoder unit • 10-channel DMA Controller

  6. CPU Core Features • MIPS III Instruction Set architecture • 6 stage pipeline • PC Select | Fetch | Register | Exec | Cache Access | Write Back • Two 64-bit integers ALUs • ALUs can be combined in”lock step” to execute 128-bit SIMD operations • Load/Store Unit • Branch Execution Unit • 64-entry two-branch prediction mechanism • 32 128-bit registers

  7. Vector unit performance • Microarchitecturally identical 4 FMACS 1 FDIV 1 Load/Store Unit 1 ALU 1 random number generator 2 issue VLIW (64-bit bundle) • Two operating modes VLIW and Coprocessor mode • Throughput FMAC operation – 1 cycle FDIV operation – 7 cycles 4x4 matrix * vector – 4 cycles 4x4 matrix * matrix – 16 cycles

  8. Features VU0 VU1 Job Flexible calculations Fixed 3D calculations VLIW mode Yes Yes Coprocessor mode Yes No VPU components 4k instruction RAM 4k data RAM VIF 16k instruction RAM 16k data RAM VIF GIF EFU Performance 4 FMACS (2.4 Gflops) 1 FDIV (0.04 Gflops) 4 FMACS (2.4 Gflops) 1 FDIV (0.04 Gflops) 1 EFU (0.64 Gflops) VU Features

  9. VPU0 Design Strategy • 2-modes : VLIW and coprocessor • Runs mainly in coprocessor mode • Lower opcode always NOP • Controlled by CPU • Executes 32-bit MIPS coprocessor instructions • Processes 4 parallel FP instructions

  10. VPU1 Design Strategy • Can only run in VLIW mode • Executes 64-bit VLIW bundle • Accessed by 3D display list • 3D display list contain boht instruction and data in same structure

  11. VU Instruction Formats • Instruction bundle has 2 parts • “upper” (SIMD) + “lower” • “Lower” execution unit “Upper” execution unit FP div/sqrt/reverse sqrt 4 parallel FP add/sub Load/store 4 parallel FP mul EFU(1 FMAC + 1FDIV) 4 parallel FP add/msub Jump/branch Random number generator

  12. EE Teams

  13. Team 1 • Handles physics, program control, AI and behavior calculations • Members work closely together with each other • Ease of communication through • 128-bit dedicated busses from CPU to FPU and VU0 • SPRAM – acts as CPU and VU0’s shared workspace

  14. Team 2 • Handles simple geometric calculations • Members act as equal partners • Dedicated 128-bit bus from VPU1 to GIF

  15. Team Interoperation • Serial connection • VPU0 acts as VPU1’s coprocessor • SPRAM is used to transfer data to VPU1 • VPU1 renders final image • Parallel connection • GIF monitors the status of the graphics synthesizer • Both teams independently and asynchronously sends display lists

  16. References • Atsushi Kunimatsu, et. al., “Vector Unit Architecture for Emotion Synthesis”, IEEE Micro, Vol. 20, No. 2, March/April 2000, pp. 40-47 • K. Kutaragie et. al., “A Microprocessor with 128b CPU, 10 Floating-Point MACS, 4 Floating-Point Dividers, and MPEG2 Decoder,” ISSCC (Int’l Solid-States Circuit Conf.) Digest Tech. Papers, IEEE Press, Piscatawey, New Jersey, Feb. 1999, pp. 256-257 • F. Micheal Raam, et. al., “A High-Bandwidth Superscalar Microprocessor for Multimedia Applications,” ISSCC Digest Tech. Papers, IEEE Press, Feb. 1999, pp. 258-259 • Sound and Vision: A Technical Overview of the Emotion Engine by John Stokes, Ars Technica • http://arstechnica.com/reviews/1q00/playstation2/ee-1.html • The Playstation2 vs. the PC: A System-level Comparison of Two 3D Platforms by John Stokes, Ars Technica • http://arstechnica.com/cpu/2q00/ps2/ps2vspc-1.html

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