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GIS Enterprise Architectures

GIS Enterprise Architectures. Tools Centralized Standalone GIS Data Mapping System Legacy data migration Isolated spatial analysis . Integrated technology Distributed Embedded Spatially enabled data Database System Legacy data access Enterprise spatial analysis.

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GIS Enterprise Architectures

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  1. GIS Enterprise Architectures

  2. Tools Centralized Standalone GIS Data Mapping System Legacy data migration Isolated spatial analysis Integrated technology Distributed Embedded Spatially enabled data Database System Legacy data access Enterprise spatial analysis The Trends - Moving GIS into the IT Mainstream

  3. Users = Employees Leased lines Alphanumeric data Serial development Annual updates 7x24 = Exotic High priests Users = WWW Virtual private nets Multimedia data Iterative development JIT deployment 7x24 = Required Real people The Distributed WorldEvolving requirements on the PC platform 1990 Today

  4. Enterprise GIS • Goals • Centralized databases and applications. • Limited software and hardware components. • Single point of access to department wide data. • Access and distribution via networks.

  5. Relational Database Integration • Interactive analytical capabilities • Geo-processing of relational data • Analysis across multiple spatial and attribute databases

  6. UNIX, Lenix and Windows Microsoft Windows Object Applications Embedded Applications Specific Operations Work Management Delivery Routing Emergency Response WebMapping GIS Information Products Data Publishing Project Research Web-based Tools GIS Workstations UNIX, Lenix and Windows UNIX, Lenix and Windows Workstation Spatial Data Development Spatial Data Maintenance Spatial Data Conversion GIS Projects Map Production Desktop GIS Applications Query and Analysis Ad Hoc Mapping General Operations

  7. File Server Utilities Department Utilities Department LAN Desktops Desktops Client/Server Departmental GIS Data Sharing Personal GIS Utilities IT Utilities IT Data Data File Servers Utilities Parks Web map Servers Parks Desktops WAN WAN WAN Assessor Parks Assessor Assessor Desktops Desktops Terminals/Browsers Centralized Database Enterprise GIS Operations Centralized Data Administration Distributed Client/Server DepartmentalGIS Data Warehouse Departmental GIS Operations Centralized Data Sharing GIS System Evolution

  8. GIS Data Marts Company GIS County GIS IT Utilities Data Web Map Server Desktops Internet Desktops Intranet Parks Terminals/Browsers Assessor City GIS Application Service Providers Terminals/Browsers Enterprise GIS Operations Department and Central Database Data Integration Terminal Servers Internet GIS Operations Shared Database Environments Data Integration GIS Enterprise Evolution

  9. GIS Applications Network Impact What GIS Does ... • Graphic Data Representation (Maps) • Large Quantity of Data Analysis • Lots of Network Traffic

  10. Sample 1-MB Map Display

  11. Query Processing on Server File Servers Data Server Data Cache NFS SMB TCP/IP Application Processing on Server UNIX Server WTS Server Data Server Applications Cache UNIX or Windows Clients Query Processing on Client X.11 RDP ICA HTML/GIF Display/Control Cache Remote Terminal Clients X-Windows Terminals Windows Terminals Web Browsers Client/Server Protocols Typical Data Transfer 1 MB Spatial Data Typical Data Transfer 100 KB Display Data

  12. 50% Data Compression Up to 98% Data Compression Client/Server Performance • Client/Server CommunicationsNetwork Traffic Transport Time • 56 Kbps1.54 Mbps10 Mbps100 Mbps • File Server to Workstation Client (NFS) • 1 MB 357 Sec. 13 Sec. 2 Sec. 0.2 Sec. • SDE Server to Workstation Client (SDE API) • 1 MB 89 Sec. 3.2 Sec. 0.5 Sec. 0.05 Sec. • UNIX Application Server to X-Terminal Client • 100 KB 18 Sec. 0.6 Sec. 0.1 Sec. 0.01 Sec. • Windows Terminal Server to Terminal Client (ICA) • 100 KB 0.3 Sec. 0.013 Sec. 0.002 Sec. 0.0002 Sec. • Web Server to Browser Client (HTML/GIF) • 100 KB 0.3 Sec. 0.013 Sec. 0.002 Sec. 0.0002 Sec.

  13. GIS Product Architecture

  14. 1998 1996 1994 1992 1990 1988 The Shift To N-Tier N-Tier 2-Tier Internet/ Enterprise 1-Tier Client/Server Distributed Production Web Aware/Web Scale eCommerce Monolithic/Automation Corporate Applications (Often departmental) Mainframe Apps Mini-Computer Apps

  15. N-tier Architecture for the Web Business Rule Server Client Data Server

  16. File/Image Server WTS Web 100 Mbps Ethernet GIS Server DBMS Server Remote Sites WAN WWW • Desktops • Analysis • Maintenance • Operations • Studies • Web Browsers • Data Download • Maps on Demand • Data Shipping • Browsers • Map Products • Analysis • Operations • Studies Terminals -Analysis -Maintenance -Operations -Studies Laptops -Data Updates -Analysis System Architecture Options Data Resources Performance Scalability High Availability Files Files • Attributes Storage Area Network

  17. Feature Server Map Server Multi-User Environment Web-GISServer Multi-User, Versioned OO-GIS DBMS Data ProductionWorkstation Desktop Clients -- Not web-based so don’t need Map Server Data ImporterWorkstation

  18. OO Database Behavior of different kinds of features can be stored and executed from the central database, instead of being repeated in each client application -- reduces traffic over the network • Object lifecycle rules • Data capture criteria • Data integrity validation rules • Multi-user conflict resolution rules • Symbolic representation rules Approvedversion Edit branches

  19. Trends in Industry • Growing adoption of O-O web-enabled IT for GIS software development, marketing, distribution, support • Multi-user GIS with feature versioning for data production and maintenance • Integration of ODBMS with RDBMS in enterprise, with multi-tiered web-based application architectures

  20. Industry Trends - 2 • Use of CORBA & Java technology for distributed applications • OLE for embedding maps within desktop applications • OpenGIS for cross-vendor interoperability • Support for multiple standard languages (C++, Java, Visual Basic) in commercial GIS products for different levels of applications and users within an enterprise

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