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Urban Geography

Urban Geography. Learning Outcome. Understanding of why people live in cities and where cities originated. . Urban Geography . Urban Geography : Focuses on how cities function, their internal systems and structures, and the external influences on them.

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Urban Geography

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  1. Urban Geography

  2. Learning Outcome • Understanding of why people live in cities and where cities originated.

  3. Urban Geography • Urban Geography: Focuses on how cities function, their internal systems and structures, and the external influences on them. • Study of Systems of Cities: focuses on where and why a city is located. Looks externally at a city and how they are connected. • Study of Internal Cities: focuses on internal working and structures of cities. Includes patterns of land use, racial and ethnic segregation, transportation and cycles of construction.

  4. Defining Urbanism: • Urban: (Foulberg 277): the buildup of the central city and the suburban realm-the city and the surrounding envision connected to the city . Non-rural and non-agricultural. • City & Town: (Getis, p. 385) “denote nucleated settlements, multifunctional in character, including an established central business district and both residential and nonresidential land uses.”

  5. City (smaller units of Urban areas)

  6. Urbanized Area: Continuously built-up landscape so close together. (This is Houston)

  7. Urban Hierarchy • Hamlet: few dozen people and offer limited services. (Gas station and general store)

  8. Urban Hierarchy • Villages: larger than hamlets and offer more services. There maybe stores specializing in the sale of food, clothing, furniture, and so on.

  9. Urban Hierarchy Cont. • Towns: 50 to a few thousand people. Considered urban area with a defined boundary, but are smaller than a city in terms of population and area. Surrounding farms are “hinterland”

  10. Urban Hierarchy Cont. • Cities: tens of thousands of people.  10,000+

  11. Urban Hierarchy Cont. • Metropolises: incorporate large areas and are focused around one large city.  50,000+

  12. Populations circa. 1700 and todayMetro Areas: Function as an economic unit • London 1700: 500,000 2013: 7,800,000 • New York 1700: 4,937 2013: 8,336,000 • Paris 1700: 515,000 2013: 2,200,000 • Mexico City 1900: 500,000 2013: 8,000,000 • Tokyo 1700: 1,200,000 2013: 13,000,000

  13. Urban Hearths

  14. Remember…agriculture? • Agricultural Surplus: Producing more. Growing more than a single person can consume. Resulted from technology, like irrigation. • Social Stratification: Leadership class who controlled the surplus and the technology. -Leadership class did not work in fields & were able to do other things like write, be religious, and philosophy. -Created laws, which are a basis for cities. -Group of decision makers and organizers who controlled the resources, and often the lives, of others.

  15. Site • Site:  "absolute location, often chosen for its trade location, defensive advantages, or because it was seen as an appropriate religious location."  • Things you have to take into consideration: • -Mountains? • -Water? • -Plains? • -Plateau's? 

  16. Urbanized Area: Continuously built-up landscape so close together. (This is Houston)

  17. Situation • Situation:  "The relative location, it's place in its region and the world around it." • Takes into consideration the world around the city and how it interacts.

  18. Situation Can Change

  19. External Situation Influence City Sail-WagonPeriod: 1790-1830. Ships were transportation, once goods on land, they were hauled by wagon to destination. Iron-Horse Period: 1830-1870 the railroad transported goods and people in this period. The steel-rail period: 1870-1920 steel primary building material, mining and transport provided many jobs The auto-air-amendity period 1920-1960 automobile angine. Farther commute and live outside central urban area

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