Water, Water Everywhere; and so little understood

1. Water, Water Everywhere;and so little understood It’s the Structure, Not the composition That’s the message from this presentation.

2. Authors Materials Research Lab The Pennsylvania State University University Park, PA Prof. Rustum Roy Dr. Tania Slawecki, PhD Dr. Manju Lata Rao, PhD LiveH2O.TV_June 19, 2009

3. Prof. Rustum Roy

4. Holds 5 professorships—Penn State, Arizona State, U. of Arizona Elected to the National Academies of 5 countries U.S., Japan, Russia, Sweden, India 50 years championing/practicing interdisciplinarity in… Materials Research; Science Technology Society; Science & Art; Science & Religion; Role of sex/money, in culture The Speaker is: A Citizen Scientist (www.rustumroy.com)

5. Immersed in ‘Hard Science’ for 60 years Ruby (14 lb.): Union Carbide Diamond: biggest ever cubic—ZrO2 Ruby dinner plate: Kyocera-Meissen Black silicon carbide carborundum The materials this ‘hard scientist’ works on!

6. What is ‘Hard Science’, Really? One which deals in FACTS • Reproducible experiments connecting Cause Effect • Repeated 2-10 times depending on how extraordinary • Repeated in other labs Explanations or theories are NOTneeded to be hard science. They come later - and change often.

7. Science for the Citizen Useful Science: About water The 1st Law of Materials Science comes right after the 1st two laws of thermodynamics, it is: “STRUCTURE determines PROPERTIES”

8. Thousands of scientists, ignorant outside their specialty, have never heard of it. They mainly think of composition as the way to change properties. It is one way, but routine...

9. Hence, they ask if the water is ‘PURE,’ and if so, they exclaim: “IT’S JUST WATER” i.e. Liquid H2O always has the same properties Nothing could be further from the truth.

10. That was the argument against homeopathy for nearly 200 years, up to today, by so-called scientists/physicians (who never read the literature outside their fields). Nor do the journalists who take their word for it!

11. Now, that argument has been forever laid to rest. Hence, homeopathy must now be judged only on its efficacy. And, head-to-head compared to pharma products for patient satisfaction, efficacy and cost.

12. So, what, then is the Structure of Liquid Water? First: It is made up of building blocks (=molecules) of different size and shape Those blocks are NOT the structure anymore than the bricks describe your home

13. Small to large building blocks Obviously in the liquids/solids one must describe the concentration and 3-D location of all such blocks( see Martin Chaplin’s website)

14. The building itself. Very messy. A very crude ‘cartoon’ of a realistic “Paracrystalline’ section of a structure of liquid water incorporating several Chaplin molecules With very very different bonds between units (esp. black//black) R. Roy, W.A. Tiller, I. Bell and M.R. Hoover, Materials Research Innovations, Vol. 9, Is. 4, pp. 577-608 (Dec. 2005).

15. More Science for the Citizen “The Tale of Two Materials” Anisodesmicity: Key to water’s uniqueness Diamond & Graphite Compare/contrast…Properties/structure “It’s Just Carbon!”

16. “It’s Just Carbon” All bonds equal Very unequal 1.54Å 1.43Å 3.35Å DIAMOND GRAPHITE

17. Shows the dramatic difference that “Anisodesmicity” (=unequal bonds) makes Diamond • Worlds hardest material. • Very strong, bonds in 3 all dimensions Bonds all equal Graphite • World’s (nearly) softest material. • Even stronger within sheets • Very weak between Very unequal

18. Your Key Questions • So, how many kinds of liquid water are there? • Very, very many. • How long do the new structures last? • Some last at least hours and days: some for very long times near room temperatures. • Why do we have so many? and • How can you tell?

19. How can you change water? Vast majority of scientists would reply: Only by temperature (T) and pressure (P)

20. They are terribly wrong. How can it be? For 100 years?

21. Unfortunately, thermodynamics has a bigger “black hole” than astronomy – one that is much more significant to humans… …because it deals (almost) exclusively with changes of G (free energy) But limits them to only P & T

22. But there are several other common vectors which change matter • Electric fields • Magnetic fields • (Strain fields) • (Epitaxy) Ignoring all these is the real black hole in modern science; but the matter is complicated!

23. Epitaxy • The special contribution of Materials-Science • Imprinting of one structure on to another, especially from a solid to liquids, without any transfer of matter; it is pattern or information transfer

24. The power of these vectors have now been thoroughly proven in our and others’ research on our most important solids as we show in dozens of key papers. Go to: http://www.mri.psu.edu/centers/mpec/

25. In addition we can now conceive of an explanation for the well documented effects of: • Human intention • Prayers Because they can be seen as similar vectors. Interesting new line for research?

26. What is much more important is… • That such vectors have been shown to work in changing water - thoroughly proven worldwide, for millennia, including the present • Now we can also claim an explanation in our scientific dialect!

27. Dr. Tania Slawecki, PhD 20 years at the bench (in USA)

28. Water can be changed by • 1. SUSPENDED, CHARGED NANOPARTICLES • Silver Colloids • Ultra-dilute Solutions • Homeopathic remedies • Holy waters! • 2. RADIATION • Microwave • Radio Frequency • Ultra-Violet etc.. 3. Especially Controlled by RESONANCE and POLARIZATION

29. How do we LOOK at and STUDY Water Solutions? • pH • Surface Tension • Zeta Potential • Spectroscopy • Raman (Infrared) • FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy) • UV-Vis (Ultra-violet – Visible Spectroscopy) Also CHEMICAL analysis as needed!

30. Raman Spectroscopy Raman Spectrum for Pure Water Main -OH stretch band -OH bending and rotation -OH bending modes Inphotonics Raman Spectrometer: Laser Raman Probe in Water Sample Main -OH stretch band Vibrational Energy http://www.lsbu.ac.uk/water/images/vibr.gif -OH bending and rotation -OH bending modes

31. Raman Spectra Homeopathic Remedies (Samples from M. Sue Benford) • 3 Potencies labeled • (6X, 30X, CM) • 3 samples unknown (1, 2, 3) • Raman Spectra are UNIQUE 30X 6X CM Sample 1 = 6X Sample 2 = 30X Sample 3 = CM Sample 2 Sample 1 Sample 3 Unexpected! STRUCTURED! It’s not “just water”!

32. Ultraviolet-Visible Spectrometer We examine how liquids ABSORB certain frequencies of visible and ultra-violet light Sample Reference

33. UV-Vis What happens when we add FEW PARTS PER MILLION of Silver to Water? The water gets “structured” by the silver in the UV range 2 1 Typical UV-Vis Spectrum for Water (De-ionized water) 200 ppm silver Electrons are being excited to higher energy states 22 ppm 32 ppm 10 ppm No absorption in either the UV or Visible range! Nothing to see!

34. Dr. Manju Lata Rao, PhD 10 years at the bench (India + USA)

35. What is a colloid? Permanent suspension of a solid/ liquid in a second liquid phase. Dispersed Solid Liquid Medium (Water) Common examples: Milk, blood; mayonnaise Colloidal Silver

36. Structuring Water with NanoParticles • Suspend permanently billions of solid “nanoparticles” in liquid water • As a “sol” or a “colloid”. • Einstein’s remark “colloid acts like an atom,” implying, presumably, some “structuring” of the water by the presence of the charged solid • Made after his Brownian motion paper • 3 Nobel prizes in 2 years for colloids Einstein A 1905 Ann. Phys., Paris 17 549

37. Colloidal Silver Synergism of Silver-Water Dispersion™ with antibiotics • _________________________________________________________________________________________________ • Antibiotic E. coli Ps. MRSA S.aureus S. Sh. B. • Discs (MDR) aeruginsao 6538 P typhi flexneri subtilis • (mcg) (MDR) • _________________________________________________________________________________________________ • Amikacin ----Syn.. Add. -- -- Add. • Amoxicillin -- -- Ant. Add. Add. Add. Add. • Carbenicillin -- -- Add. Add. Add. Add. Add. • Cefoperazone -- -- Syn. Add. Add. Add. Add. • CeftizidimeSyn. Syn. Add.Add. Add. Add. Add. • Ciprofloxacin -- -- Add. Add. Add. Add. Add. • Clindamycin -- -- Add. Add. -- Add. Add. • Doxycycline -- -- Add. Add. Add. Add. Add. • Erythromycin -- -- Add. Add. -- Add. Add. • Gentamycin Add. -- Add. Add. Add. Add. Add. • KanamycinSyn. -- Add. Add. Add. Add. Add. • Nalidixic Acid -- -- -- Add. Add. Add. Add. • Oxacillin -- -- Ant. Add. -- Add. Add. • Penicillin-G -- -- Add. Add. Add. Add. Add. • Rifampin Add. Add. Add. Add. Add. Add. Add. • Streptomycin Add. -- Add. Add. Add. Add. Add. • Tetracycline -- -- Add. Add. Add. Add. Add. • Tobramycin Add. -- Add. Add. Add. Add. Add. • Trimethoprim -- -- Add. Add. Add. Add. -- • ______________________________________________________________________________________ Colloidal Silver ENHANCES the effects of Antibiotics!

38. Response of HIV patients to Nanosilver therapy Colloidal Silver

39. In Vitro study of silver in Falciparum Malaria “Our studies have shown that silver effectively kills falciparum in human blood culture. In addition, it is very effective in chloroquine resistant Malaria.” “Urgent human studies are needed.” Prof. V. S. Chauhan Director International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB) ArunaAsaf Ali Marg New Delhi – 110 067 INDIA Tel: 91-11-26102317 (Direct); 26189358/60/61 (EPBX) Fax: 91-11-26162316 Email: virander@icgeb.res.in Website: www.icgeb.org Colloidal Silver

40. GROUP 2 Name : Pandhari Bhiva Malode Age : 60 Years. Size : After Treatment 3 Cm Long 2 Cm Wide History : Patient was admitted for Ulcer on Lt. Foot which was full of Maggots. His 3rd , 4th and 5th toes were completely eaten by maggots. There was severe oozing with pus discharge.

41. Colloidal Silver BEFORE TREATMENT AFTER TREATMENT Observation After application of Hydrogel on Alternate days. The wound was clear, there was no oozing. Healthy Granulation Tissue was seen and the size of the wound reduced drastically. Parts Per Million of Silver in a Gel (which is mostly WATER)

42. Summary on colloids It is well established now that colloidal silver acts as an antibacterial agent. Extends the action of antibiotics. Not only bacteria, but also attacks viruses. Preliminary clinical evidence with positive effects on… – Malaria – HIV - Leprosy – And research opportunities

43. Radiation Effects on Water Microwave Steve Sedlmayr device Fluid Holding Vessel Magnetron • Microwave Distillation Process: • Produced water with healing properties • Corrodes plastic and stainless steel!

44. Radiation Effects on Water Single Mode 2.45 GHz Microwave Radiation effects- Sedlmayr Process Raman spectra O-H Stretch bond (sym and antisym) O-H Stretch bond (sym and antisym) M. Rao, R. Roy, S. Sedlmayr and J. Kanzius, “Effect of polarized microwave and radio frequency fields on the structure and stability of liquid water” Presented at MRS conference at Boston Nov 2007.

45. Radiation Effects on Water Polarized 13.56 MHz Radiofrequency radiation on the Structure of water- Kanzius Process John Kanzius- Inventor of the RF generator

46. First Experiments run by the team using Kanzius RF instrument at Penn State on Sept 7, 2007

47. Radiation Effects on Water Mixtures of various concentrations of NaCl and water combusting (when ignited) in the presence of a 13.56 MHz RF radiation (a) 0.3% NaCl (b) 3% NaCl (c) 30% NaCl; (a-c) were carried out in pyrex test tubes; (d) 3% NaCl in PTFE tube; (e) 3% NaCl in Silica glass and (f) DI water either in Silica glass or in PTFE (not shown here) do not ignite

48. Radiation Effects on Water Structural changes : Evidence from spectroscopy • Raman spectra ~2 hours following combustion in the RF field. • Both samples at room temperature. • Prolonged burning reduces the water content in the test tube and increases the salinity. Emission Spectrum Emission probe

49. Radiation Effects on Water Spontaneous ignition of sea water in the RF field Photo showing a drop of sea water taken in Mr. and Mrs. Kanzius’ Sanibel home in Florida, self-igniting into a flame in presence of the radiofrequency field.

50. Summary The facts are voluminous, indisputable, and compelling. VERY WEAK RADIATION CAN & DOES DRASTICALLY CHANGE SOLIDS AND LIQUIDS. We have shown some very spectacular effects.