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Please contact me if you have any questions about my lecture. Leslie Vosshall leslie@mail.rockefeller.edu April 3, 2006. Pheromones & Animal Behavior. Leslie B. Vosshall. Joanna Spencer. Adria Le Boeuf. April 3: Lecture (PPT available this afternoon).
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Please contact me if you have any questions about my lecture. Leslie Vosshall leslie@mail.rockefeller.edu April 3, 2006
Pheromones & Animal Behavior Leslie B. Vosshall
Joanna Spencer Adria Le Boeuf April 3: Lecture (PPT available this afternoon) http://njc.rockefeller.edu/BN2006.php April 10: Presentations (PDFs available April 4) http://njc.rockefeller.edu/Vosshall.php
David Michael Stoddart The Scented Ape : The Biology and Culture of Human Odour Tristram Wyatt Pheromones and Animal Behaviour $50 $37 Suggested Reading
Formula for the perfect social signal: • Cheap to transmit • Cheap to receive • Discreet • Selective • Effective in the dark/barriers • Long-range • Long-lasting • Easy homing/identification
http://www.wildsong.demon.co.uk/LR/listening.html AUDIO http://www.bentler.us/eastern-washington/insects/snd/crickets.wav
cockroach sex pheromone CHEMICAL Brennan & Keverne, Curr.Biol. 14:R81–R89 (2004)
What is a Pheromone? ”defined chemical signal between members of the same species, eliciting a particular behavior or physiological change...”
Broader Definition: Pheromones ”any chemical signal conveying information between members of the same species” Recognition of Individuals or Kin:Differences between signals essential
Pheromones Health and Fitness Mate Choice/ Sexual Selection Mate Selection to Avoid Incest/Genetic Relatedness Sexual Maturation Successful Fertilization (Aquatic Animals) Kin Recognition Caste and Reproductive Status (Social Animals) Menstrual Synchrony Maternal-Infant Bonding Infant Suckling—Nipple Recognition Dominance Hierarchy Aggression Territory and Trail Marking Deception (Plant->Animal) Deception (Animal->Animal) Aggregation Intruder Alarm
Semiochemicals: Infochemicals Pheromones: Within species Sender + Receiver + Allelochemicals: Between species Synomones: Sender + Receiver + Kairomones: Sender - Receiver + Allomones: Sender + Receiver -
Primer Pheromones Wyatt Book
Evolution of Pheromones Wyatt Book
Pheromones – Odor Imprinting Wyatt Book
Pheromones and behavior (phenomenology)
Silkmoth Bombyx mori
Mate Quality: Courtship Pheromones monocrotaline pyrrolizidine alkaloids hydroxydanaidal Wyatt Book
Aggregation Pheromones: Barnacles Wyatt Book
Primer pheromones-Termites Wyatt Book
Dauer pheromones-C.elegans High Density/Limiting Food
Marking Behavior-Mara rodent Wyatt Book
Marking, Territorial Behavior-Badger Wyatt Book
Mimicry: Pheromones Subverted for Deception Australian orchid D. glyptodon traps male Z.Trilobatus wasps Bolas spiders vs. moths
Models for the MHC Effect 1. The MHC molecule hypothesis (MHC fragments in urine and sweat) 2. The peptide hypothesis (MHC peptide metabolites in urine) 3. The microflora hypothesis (MHC shapes allele-specific populations of commensal microbes) 4. The carrier hypothesis (MHC carries volatile aromatics, including those produced by bacteria) 5. The peptide-microbe hypothesis (MHC alters odor by restricting peptides available to commensal bacteria)
Coolidge Effect (Remating with arrival of new potential mate) Bruce Effect (Pregnancy block when exposed to foreign male) Vandenbergh Effect (Males accelerate puberty in young females) Whitten Effect (Males induce oestrus in adult females) Lee-Boot Effect (Group-housed females show suppressed oestrus; oestrus synchronized by contact with males)
The Coolidge Effect One day President and Mrs. Coolidge were visiting a government farm. Soon after their arrival they were taken off on separate tours. When Mrs. Coolidge passed the chicken pens she paused to ask the man in charge if the rooster copulates more than once each day. "Dozens of times" was the reply. "Please tell that to the President," Mrs. Coolidge requested. When the President passed the pens and was told about the rooster, he asked "Same hen everytime?" "Oh no, Mr. President, a different one each time." The President nodded slowly, then said "Tell that to Mrs. Coolidge."
Vandenbergh Effect (Males accelerate puberty in young females) Whitten Effect (Males induce oestrus in adult females) Lee-Boot Effect (Group-housed females show suppressed oestrus; oestrus synchronized by contact with males)
Where do pheromones come from? Urine Sweat Tears Other glands…
Pheromone-Producing Glands-Insects Wyatt Book
Pheromone-Producing Glands-Mammals Wyatt Book
Sex Pheromones Wyatt Book
bombykol bombykal
C. elegans dauer pheromone (- )-6R-(3'R, 5'R-dihydroxy-6'S-methyltetrahydro-pyran-2'R-yloxy) heptanoic acid Jeong et al., Nature433:541, 2005.
Pheromone reception (neural circuitry)
Olfaction vs. Pheromone Perception (vertebrates)