Metals and Nonmetals

1. Metals and Nonmetals 7-5.3, 7-5.4

3. A chart that arranges elements according to their chemical and physical properties • Includes a box for every known element • Contains specific information about that element • Element’s name, atomic number, atomic mass, and chemical symbol The Periodic Table of Elements

4. Is arranged into 7 rows and 18 columns • Elements are placed on the table in order by their atomic numbers • Period: a horizontal row of elements • Family (group): vertical columns of elements Organization of the Periodic Table

5. The organization by atomic numbers does not give a random list • Elements in the same family have similar properties • A zigzag line appears on the right side of the table • Divides the elements into two groups: metals and nonmetals • To the left are metals • To the right are nonmetals Organization

6. Can be classified into groups based upon their physical properties • Physical property: characteristic of a substance that can be observed using your senses Classifying Elements

7. Most elements are metals • Metals are elements that are malleable, ductile, good conductors of electricity, have high density, have luster • Luster: a shiny surface that allows metals to reflect light brightly • Conductor: a material that allows heat or electricity to move through it easily Metals

8. Malleable: can be hammered into different shapes • Ductile: can be drawn or stretched into thin wire • Density: a measure of the mass of a substance to its volume • High density: heavy for their size Metals

9. Most elements that are not considered metals are classified as nonmetals • Nonmetals: elements that are usually gases or brittle solids and poor conductors of electricity or heat • Nonconductor: does not allow heat or electricity to move through it easily • Brittle: substance that breaks or shatters easily Nonmetals