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Reliability of freehand three-dimensional ultrasound to measure scapular rotations

Reliability of freehand three-dimensional ultrasound to measure scapular rotations. Lynn A. Worobey, PhD; Ima A. Udofa, BS; Yen-Sheng Lin, PhD; Alicia M. Koontz, PhD; Shawn S. Farrokhi, DPT, PhD; Michael L. Boninger, MD. Aim

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Reliability of freehand three-dimensional ultrasound to measure scapular rotations

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  1. Reliability of freehand three-dimensional ultrasound to measure scapular rotations Lynn A. Worobey, PhD; Ima A. Udofa, BS; Yen-Sheng Lin, PhD; Alicia M. Koontz, PhD; Shawn S. Farrokhi, DPT, PhD; Michael L. Boninger, MD

  2. Aim • Evaluate reliability of using freehand 3D ultrasound to measure scapular rotations (internal/external, upward/downward, anterior/posterior). • Relevance • Freehand ultrasound pairs 2D ultrasound with motion capture to create 3D data set. • Involves no radiation. • Is comparatively low cost. • Allows for direct visualization of bone.

  3. Method • Scapular position in 22 healthy, nondisabled individuals was imaged 3 times in 4 testing positions: • Arm at rest. • Humeral elevation: sagittal plane. • Humeral elevation: frontal plane. • Humeral elevation: scapular plane. Ultrasound probe fitted with custom orthogonal attachment and Vicon markers.

  4. Results • Substantial reliability across scanning positions and scapular rotations: • Intraclass correlation coefficients: 0.62 to 0.95. • Highest reliability for rest position. • Standard error of measurement <2 for all measurements and <0.5 for most. • Minimum detectable change: 0.37 to 3.08. • Our results agree with pattern of movement found in other studies: • Scapula moving toward more externally rotated, upwardly rotated, and posteriorly tilted position with humeral elevation.

  5. Conclusion • Further study is warranted to: • Compare our methods to a gold standard. • Apply them to evaluation of dynamic movement. • Determine whether they can be used to detect shoulder pathology.

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