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halo. patrick baudisch , microsoft research , LDUX * & ruth rosenholtz, parc, ASD april 10 th , CHI 2003. *while at xerox parc, now parc inc. +. the problem. halo <demo>. contents. halo is not a focus plus context technique (related work)
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halo patrick baudisch, microsoft research, LDUX* & ruth rosenholtz, parc, ASD april 10th, CHI 2003 *while at xerox parc, now parc inc.
+ the problem
contents • halo is not a focus plus context technique(related work) • halo is a lamp shining onto the street(designing halo) • halo is 16-33% faster than arrow-based visualization techniques (user study) • build interactive halo applications! (conclusions, lessons learned)
related work • driving directionsvs. route planning aids • overview-plus-detail • focus-plus-context • pointing into off-screen space
cinematography • entry and exit points • point of viewarrow-based techniques • partially out of the frame halo rings are familiar, graceful degradation
streetlamps • aura visible from distance • aura is round • overlapping auras aggregate • fading of aura indicates distance what we changed • smooth transition sharp edge • disks rings • dark background light background
intrusion border handle space for arcs… and for corner arcs reserve space for content
handling many objects • find best (restaurant): relevance cut-off • see all (dangers): merge arcs
app designers can use • color • texture • arc thickness
interfaces • arc/arrow fading off • scale 110-300m/cm • map as backdrop • readability ok • same selectable size • hypothesis: halo faster legend halo ring distance from display border
pre-study to define tasks • 8 participants (6 GPS users, 2 PDA users) • informal interviews 10-40 minutes • 4 tasks to be used in study
1. locate task had tosimulate on PC click at expected location of off-screen targets
2. closest task click arrow/arc or off-screen location closest to car
3. traverse task click all five targets so as to form shortest path
4. avoid task click on hospital farthest away from traffic jams
procedure • 12 participants • within subject design, counterbalanced • four training maps per interface/task,then eight timed maps • questionnaire
16% 33% task completion time
participants underestimated distances by 26% • participants saw ovals (gestalt laws?) • we can compensate for that: width += 35% error rate
conclusions • halo 16%-33% faster than arrows • no split attention • distortion-free space • scale independent • no need to annotate distance • perceive all rings at once [treisman & gormican] • limitation: max number or rings • future work: applications where peripheral objects move and change
Thanks! • try halo: http://www.patrickbaudisch.com/projects/halo • polle zellweger, jock mackinlay,lance good, and mark stefik( “citylights” short paper talk) • scott minneman and allison woodruff
(a) locate (b) closest (c) traverse (d) avoid