1. Where is the triple junction?

1. 1. Where is the triple junction? A B C D. All of the above E. None of the above

2. 2. What ocean floor feature is found just offshore of the west coast of South America? • East Pacific Rise • Peru-Chile Trench • Great Barrier Reef • Easter Island Hotspot

3. 3. Most present-day volcanic island arcs are found along the margins of which ocean? • Atlantic • Arctic • Indian • Pacific • Southern

4. 4.For Americans, the most famous transform plate boundary is… • The New Madrid Fault Zone • The Puerto Rico Trench • The Sigsbee Deep • Mt. St. Helens • The San Andreas Fault Zone

5. 5. At which location is NEW crust forming? • Iceland • Japan • Alaska • Brasil • Mexico

6. 6. Place these block diagrams in proper chronological sequence. A-B-C-D B-A-C-D C-D-A-B D-B-A-C D-C-A-B

7. 7. Here’s a map of Africa’s Great Lakes. Judging by shape and by the Theory of Antipodal Focusing, which one might be considered most likely to have been formed by a meteor impact? • Lake Turkana • Lake Albert • Lake Victoria • Lake Tanganyika • Lake Nyasa (a.k.a., Lake Malawi)

8. 8. Here are some pictures of the Siberian Traps, both when they were active (top) and as they look today (bottom) . According to the Theory of Antipodal Focusing, what may have caused this largest of flood basalts? Subduction in Japan Transform Shifting in South America Crater Impact in Antarctica Volcanic Eruption in Australia

9. 9. Where do MOST transform boundaries occur? • In oceans • Along island arcs • In mountain ranges • On coastal plains

10. 10. What is the name given to this landmass? • Panthalassa; B. Gondwanaland; C. Tethys; • D. Pangea; E. Laurasia

11. 11. The photo below marks what kind of tectonic boundary? Divergent Convergent Transform Hotspot Collisional

12. 12. This man is the “father” of the Theory of Plate Tectonics. His name is … Henry Hess Galileo Galilei Charles Darwin Alfred Wegener Alfred Wallace

13. 13. What kind of stress is forming the San Andreas Fault? Compression Shearing Tension Hotspot

14. 14. Which way is the Pacific Plate presently moving? Northeast Northwest Southeast Southwest

15. 15. Iceland is unique because it gives us a window into… Mid-ocean Ridges Fault Zones Shield Volcanoes Hotspots Collisional Boundaries

16. 16. These are the Himalayas. Which plates are involved in forming them? Gondwana Laurasia India Africa Asia

17. 17. What is found at the bottom of the Gulf of California? Mid-ocean Ridge Freshwater springs Ocean Trench Reverse fault

18. 18. What evidence is there that this part of Africa is forming a divergent boundary? • Large, deep lakes • Long, narrow seas • Volcanoes • All of the above

19. 19. The Appalachians formed from … • A convergent boundary • A divergent boundary • A transform boundary • Over a hotspot

20. 20. Which of the following WAS NOT at first used as evidence for Continental Drift? A. C. B.

21. 21. What is this illustrating? • Earth’s magnetic poles have reversed through geologic time. • Earth’s poles split and meander across the northern hemisphere. • Earth’s poles fluctuate in strength over time. • Continents move across the globe, while the poles move only slightly. • Continents lay fixed while the poles move.

22. 22. What is the process that forms the volcanoes of the Cascades? • Accretion • Hotspots • Shearing • Subduction

23. 23. According to the Theory of Antipodal Focusing, where most likely is the crater impact that formed the Hawaii hotspot? • Easter Island • Yellowstone • Galapagos • Lake Victoria • Meteor Crater, Arizona

24. 24. What accounts for the distribution pattern of known impact craters on Earth? • The Moon has protected the equatorial regions from Meteor impacts. • The oceans, polar regions, and most tropical areas have not been explored for craters. • The poles don’t get many impacts. • Meteors are attracted to temperate areas – the “Goldilocks Principle”.

25. 25. What present-day continents collided 230 million years ago to form the Appalachians? • Africa • Europe • Antarctica • North America • Australia

26. 26. Which of the following mountain ranges would be represented by figure A? 27. figure B? • Hawaii • Aleutians • Cascades • Himalayas • Andes

27. 28. This is a diamond mine, a mined out kimberlite pipe. What geologic process is most likely responsible for these highly localized diamond beds? • Subduction • Hotspot • Rifting • Transform fault zone

28. 29. Magnetic Reversals have helped to prove the Theory of Plate Tectonics by demonstrating that… • Seafloor spreads • Poles wander • Subduction occurs • Faulting happens

29. The 1811-1812 New Madrid Earthquakes were an intense intraplate earthquake series beginning with an initial pair of very large earthquakes on December 16, 1811. These earthquakes remain the most powerful earthquakes ever to hit the eastern United States in recorded history. 30. What most likely is the cause of earthquakes in the Midwest and along the Mississippi? • Alien subterranean colonies • Nuclear tests • Failed rifts long ago covered by sediment • Subduction • Hotspot

30. 31. This 220 million year-old fossil of an amphibian’s upper jaw and palate was unearthed in Antarctica recently. What best accounts for the fact that a tropical cold-blooded creature once inhabited this – the deep-freeze of the world? • Amphibians were once able to handle cooler climates. • Antarctica was closer to the equator. • Global warming had made Antarctica much warmer. • The amphibian had lived somewhere else, and ocean currents deposited it by Antarctica.

31. 32. Where is the oldest seafloor? 33. The newest? Look at the Blue Globe for reference points.

32. 34. What is this formation, found underneath Chesapeake Bay? • Ancient volcano • Ancient riverbed • Ancient antipodal hotspot • Ancient impact crater