Shielded Metal Arc Welding

1. Shielded Metal Arc Welding SMAW (Stick)

2. Shielded Metal Arc Welding Principles of the SMAWProcess

3. Principles of the SMAW Process • Electric Arc Between Electrode & Work, Melts the Electrode & Fuses the Joint • Weld Metal & Slag Form • Slag is Lighter than the Molten Metal & Rises to the Top • AC or DC Polarity

4. DCEN (Striaght) Polarity • DC - • Heat Concentrated at Electrode • Lower Penetration • Increased Deposition Rates

5. DCEP (Reverse) Polarity • DC + • Heat Concentrated at Workpiece • Forceful, Digging Arc • Medium to Deep Penetration

6. AC Polarity • Medium Penetration • Medium Travel Speeds

7. Equipment Components • Constant Current (CC) Power Source • Electrode Cable and Holder • Work Cable and Clamp • Flux Covered Filler Metal • Welding Arc Is Established When Tip of Electrode Strikes the Work Piece

8. Constant Current • Welding Circuit Consists of Power Source, Electrode and Work Cables/Leads • The Power Source Keeps the Current as Constant as Possible even when the Operator Varies the Arc Length • Voltage is Proportional to Arc Length

9. Hot Start Control • Arc Initiation • Increased Amperage • Prevents Electrode Sticking

10. Arc Force Control • Prevents Electrode From Sticking to Work • Fine Tuner to Aid in Stick Welding • Welding Arc is Soft at the Minimum Settings • Welding Arc is Crisp at the Maximum Settings

11. Duty Cycle The Duty Cycle of a power source is the percentage of a ten (10) minute period that it can operate at the rated output current setting.

12. Duty Cycle Duty Cycle Amperes Time Available 30% 250 3 Min/10 Min 40% 225 4 Min/10 Min 50% 200 5 Min/10 Min 60% 190 6 Min/10 Min 70% 180 7 Min/10 Min 80% 170 8 Min/10 Min 90% 155 9 Min/10 Min 100% 140 10 Min/10 Min

13. Electrode Holders 200, 300, and 400 Amp Electrode Holders EH 200 EH 300 EH 400

14. Work Clamps 300 and 500 Amp Work Clamps GC 300 GC 500

15. Cables

16. Customer Assistance Policy The business of The Lincoln Electric Company is manufacturing and selling high quality welding equipment and consumables, and cutting equipment. Our challenge is to meet the needs of our customers and to exceed their expectations. On occasion, purchasers may ask Lincoln Electric for advice or information about their use of our products. We respond to our customers based on the best information in our possession at that time. Lincoln Electric is not in a position to warrant or guarantee such advice, and assumes no liability, with respect to such information or advice. We expressly disclaim any warranty of any kind, including any warranty of fitness for any customer’s particular purpose, with respect to such information or advice. As a matter of practical consideration, we also cannot assume any responsibility for updating or correcting any such information or advice once it has been given, nor does the provision of information or advice create, expand or alter any warranty with respect to the sale of our products. Lincoln Electric is a responsive manufacturer, but the selection and use of specific products sold by Lincoln Electric is solely within the control of, and remains the sole responsibility of, the customer.