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Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) as a tool for HMIS decision making

Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) as a tool for HMIS decision making. Jon-Paul Oliva, M.S. GIS Consultant jon.paul.oliva@gmail.com. What is a GIS?. Broadly, a method of organizing data using a spatial scheme. What is a GIS?.

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Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) as a tool for HMIS decision making

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  1. Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) as a tool for HMIS decision making Jon-Paul Oliva, M.S. GIS Consultant jon.paul.oliva@gmail.com

  2. What is a GIS? • Broadly, a method of organizing data using a spatial scheme September 18-19, 2006 - Denver, Colorado Sponsored by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development

  3. What is a GIS? • Broadly, a method of organizing data using a spatial scheme • A map (or series of maps) that can reference a database September 18-19, 2006 - Denver, Colorado Sponsored by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development

  4. What is a GIS? • Broadly, a method of organizing data using a spatial scheme • A map (or series of maps) that can reference a database • Computer based system for storage, synthesis, analysis and reporting of large quantities of spatial data and associated information September 18-19, 2006 - Denver, Colorado Sponsored by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development

  5. Where does the GIS data come from? • Three main sources of GIS data: September 18-19, 2006 - Denver, Colorado Sponsored by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development

  6. Where does the GIS data come from? • Three main sources of GIS data: • Digitizing of paper based maps September 18-19, 2006 - Denver, Colorado Sponsored by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development

  7. Where does the GIS data come from? • Three main sources of GIS data: • Digitizing of paper based maps • Earth Observation (Satellites & Survey) September 18-19, 2006 - Denver, Colorado Sponsored by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development

  8. Where does the GIS data come from? • Three main sources of GIS data: • Digitizing of paper based maps • Earth Observation (Satellites & Survey) • Global Positioning Systems (GPS) September 18-19, 2006 - Denver, Colorado Sponsored by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development

  9. Where does the GIS data come from? • Three main sources of GIS data: • Digitizing of paper based maps • Earth Observation (Satellites & Survey) • Global Positioning Systems (GPS) • These sources are then linked with your (HMIS) data within a GIS September 18-19, 2006 - Denver, Colorado Sponsored by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development

  10. Data Structures • Three main types of data structures: September 18-19, 2006 - Denver, Colorado Sponsored by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development

  11. Data Structures • Three main types of data structures: • Vector - points, lines & polygons - Used to define addresses, roads, external boundaries September 18-19, 2006 - Denver, Colorado Sponsored by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development

  12. Data Structures • Three main types of data structures: • Vector - points, lines & polygons - Used to define addresses, roads, external boundaries • Raster - Grid data, earth observation imagery - used to analyze density and detect trends in landscape level features September 18-19, 2006 - Denver, Colorado Sponsored by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development

  13. Data Structures • Three main types of data structures: • Vector - points, lines & polygons - Used to define addresses, roads, external boundaries • Raster - Grid data, earth observation imagery - Grid data, earth observation imagery - used to analyze density and detect trends in landscape level features • Tabular - Data tables & database structures - Database stored attributes that provide descriptive statistics for map features September 18-19, 2006 - Denver, Colorado Sponsored by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development

  14. Data Structures • Data structures containing different types of data are combined in layers in the GIS to answer questions of interest September 18-19, 2006 - Denver, Colorado Sponsored by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development

  15. Maps are by definition a two dimensional representation of three dimensional space, composed of three parts: The map datum specifies the spheroid shape of the earth The map projection dictates how the three dimensional space will be represented on a flat surface Coordinate systems describe the particular convention for measuring distance on the map (x,y - e.g. latitude/longitude, UTM) All Map Projections introduce some distortion of geographic shape, area or distance Projection parameters are selected for accuracy in representing data at different scales and locations Take home message: When working with multiple GIS layers, each layer must use the same set of datum, projection and coordinate system parameters Datums, Map Projections and Coordinate Systems September 18-19, 2006 - Denver, Colorado Sponsored by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development

  16. A Geographic Coordinate System An Albers Coordinate System Datums, Map Projections and Coordinate Systems September 18-19, 2006 - Denver, Colorado Sponsored by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development

  17. What might a GIS look like? Link Zipcodes Database Map Area of interest Spatial reference Data of interest September 18-19, 2006 - Denver, Colorado Sponsored by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development

  18. Example Analysis - Mapping 2006 HMIS Data2006 Family Data - 1st Time Homeless September 18-19, 2006 - Denver, Colorado Sponsored by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development

  19. Example Analysis - 1. Add GIS Data to Create a New Project September 18-19, 2006 - Denver, Colorado Sponsored by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development

  20. Example Analysis - 1. Add GIS Data to Create a New Project September 18-19, 2006 - Denver, Colorado Sponsored by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development

  21. Example Analysis - 2. Add Contextual Data to Provide a Reference September 18-19, 2006 - Denver, Colorado Sponsored by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development

  22. Example Analysis - 3. Classify Data Using Data Attribute Tags September 18-19, 2006 - Denver, Colorado Sponsored by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development

  23. Example Analysis - 4. Link External HMIS Data Using Zipcode September 18-19, 2006 - Denver, Colorado Sponsored by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development

  24. Example Analysis - 5. Classify Zipcode Data Using Desired HMIS Data September 18-19, 2006 - Denver, Colorado Sponsored by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development

  25. Example Analysis - 6. Add a Legend and Scale in Layout Mode September 18-19, 2006 - Denver, Colorado Sponsored by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development

  26. Some Additional Examples - Reporting National Statistics Visually September 18-19, 2006 - Denver, Colorado Sponsored by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development

  27. Some Additional Examples - Reporting National Statistics Visually September 18-19, 2006 - Denver, Colorado Sponsored by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development

  28. Some Additional Examples - Maps Can Facilitate Regional Planning September 18-19, 2006 - Denver, Colorado Sponsored by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development

  29. Some additional examples - Discovering Unclaimed HUD Geocodes September 18-19, 2006 - Denver, Colorado Sponsored by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development

  30. Some additional examples - Sorting out Independent VA Cities September 18-19, 2006 - Denver, Colorado Sponsored by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development

  31. Some Additional Examples - Decision Making for Unique Situations September 18-19, 2006 - Denver, Colorado Sponsored by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development

  32. Some Additional Examples - Decision Making for Unique Situations September 18-19, 2006 - Denver, Colorado Sponsored by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development

  33. Some Additional Examples - Analysis of Service Locations in D.C. September 18-19, 2006 - Denver, Colorado Sponsored by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development

  34. Additional Requirements • Metadata - Documentation for your GIS datasets • Distribution of GIS data by Federal Agencies requires accompanyingmetadata that conforms to the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (CSDGM) • CSDGM standard was developed by the Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) in response to a need for standardized documentation to describe the use, limitations, integrity and technical specifications of GIS datasets September 18-19, 2006 - Denver, Colorado Sponsored by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development

  35. Resources • Free GIS software: • ESRI ArcExplorer - Win XP/Mac OS X based viewer and basic feature set software. http://www.esri.com/software/arcexplorer/ • GRASS GIS - Unix/Linux/OS X based full-featured software. http://www.baylor.edu/grass/ • FreeGIS.org and MapCruzin.com - information and links to open-source and public license GIS software September 18-19, 2006 - Denver, Colorado Sponsored by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development

  36. Resources • Free GIS data: • US Census data (2000 and some previous data) - http://www.esri.com/data/download/census2000_tigerline/ • State agencies, often in partnership with non-profit organizations and higher education, maintain statewide GIS clearinghouses for GIS data, often available for download over the internet. • Local county and municipal governments usually have a GIS staff through which local and regional data may be obtained free of charge. September 18-19, 2006 - Denver, Colorado Sponsored by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development

  37. For additional information: • Tatjana Meschede: tatjana.meschede@umb.edu • David Patterson: dpatter2@utk.edu • Jon Paul Olivia: jon.paul.oliva@gmail.com September 18-19, 2006 - Denver, Colorado Sponsored by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development

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