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Chapter Twenty The People and Cultures of Africa

Chapter Twenty The People and Cultures of Africa. Culture and Values, 6 th Ed. Cunningham and Reich. Religion and Society in Early Africa. Common cultural inheritance Basic languages Animist beliefs Oral traditions Reverence for elderly, ancestor worship Emphasis on family, community

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Chapter Twenty The People and Cultures of Africa

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  1. Chapter TwentyThe People and Cultures of Africa Culture and Values, 6th Ed. Cunningham and Reich

  2. Religion and Society in Early Africa • Common cultural inheritance • Basic languages • Animist beliefs • Oral traditions • Reverence for elderly, ancestor worship • Emphasis on family, community • Evolution of powerful kingdoms

  3. Three Early African Kingdoms:Ghana, Benin, Zimbabwe • Ghana • Caravan routes • Increased wealth from exported goods • Conquered by Berbers • Benin (Nigeria) • New food crops, metalworking techniques • Ruled by an Oba • Decline after massive slave deportation

  4. Three Early African Kingdoms:Ghana, Benin, Zimbabwe • Zimbabwe • Stone Age settlements (bushmen) • “Great Zimbabwe” complex • The Shona • Ancestral spirits as birds, eagles

  5. African Literature • Somalian oral traditions • Raage Ugaas (18th century) • Qamaan Bulhan (mid-19th century) • Swahili-Arabic script • Recording traditional, new songs • Saiyid Abdallah (c. 1720-1810)

  6. African Literature • Negritude • Leopold Senghor (1906-1989) • Compromise with Neo-Colonialism? • African vs. Western language • Thomas Mofolo (1875?-1948) • Chinua Achebe (b. 1930)

  7. Traditional African Art in the Modern Period • Functional, traditional • Religious objects • Maternity figures • Masks • Complexity of influences • Western tendencies

  8. Impact of African Culture on the West • Interest in anthropology • Artistic influences • Pablo Picasso • Musical influences, jazz

  9. Chapter Twenty: Discussion Questions • Explain the effects of Western colonization on the peoples of Africa. What were the positive and negative ramifications of the introduction of Western ideologies and priorities? • What are the arguments presented regarding the publication of literature in English versus in the native African languages? Which do you find to be the most compelling argument? Why? • How is traditional African art different, both stylistically and philosophically, from art of the other geographic regions (particularly the West) and historical epochs? What is role of the artist and the aesthetic in African art? Explain.

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