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Chapter 13- Urbanization and Urban Patterns

Chapter 13- Urbanization and Urban Patterns. Urbanization Push and Pull. MDCs Industrial Revolution (Rural to Urban) began in 1800s Are MDCs fully urbanized? LDCs 8 of 10 most populous cities in LDC Issue- unlike MDCs lack of jobs in LDCs Leads to issues. MDCs and LDCs.

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Chapter 13- Urbanization and Urban Patterns

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  1. Chapter 13- Urbanization and Urban Patterns

  2. Urbanization Push and Pull

  3. MDCs • Industrial Revolution (Rural to Urban) began in 1800s • Are MDCs fully urbanized? • LDCs • 8 of 10 most populous cities in LDC • Issue- unlike MDCs lack of jobs in LDCs • Leads to issues MDCs and LDCs

  4. Metropolitan Statistical Area • US Cities • Percent Change • Map Percent Change MSA

  5. See Handout Models of Development

  6. Laid out with a religious center- mosque, cathedral, etc Marketplace close to center Govt buildings and wealthy homes surround marketplace Lower status outside that and recent migrants on outer ring Pre-Colonial Cities

  7. Pre-colonial City

  8. European powers colonized Africa, Asia and Latin America • Built new cities near the old cities (sometimes they tore the old city down) • European districts had • Wider streets, public squares, larger houses surrounded by gardens, much less density • Compared to narrow, winding streets, little open space and cramped conditions Colonial Cities

  9. Wealthy people push out in elite residential sector • Contains amenities for wealthy (shops,etc) • Example- Rio de Janeiro • Wealthy live in center city and south of city • Low income is in north suburbs Cities Since Independence

  10. Known by many names- barrios, favelas, bustees, kampongs • Grow because cities have housing shortage and can’t keep up with growth • Few services • One central well for water and central bathrooms • Lack schools, paved roads, telephones, sewers • Make-shift shelters Squatter Settlements

  11. Filtering • Divide larger homes for low-income families • Redlining • Draw lines to identify areas to refuse to loan money to buy a house • Urban Renewal • Cities locate inner-city neighborhoods, buy the property, relocate the residents and rebuild the area Inner city problems

  12. Public Housing • Low-income housing (pay 30% of income for rent) • High percentage in inner-city neighborhoods • Gentrification • Middle-class people move into inner-city neighborhoods and renovate the housing Inner city problems cont

  13. Underclass- unending cycle of social and economic problems Lack of Job Skills- technical skills in an industrialized economy Homeless Crime- higher, drug addictions, etc Segregation- Still Exist???? Economic Segregation????? Inner city social and economic problems

  14. Peripheral Model • Urban area consists of an inner city surrounded by large suburban residential and business areas tied together by ring road Suburban problems

  15. Edge Cities- start out as suburbs then become nodes (centers) • Density Gradient- number of houses per unit of land decreases as distance from city center increases • Sprawl- spread of development over landscape • Extend roads and utilities • Wastes land Suburban problems cont

  16. Greenbelts- rings of open space • Suburban Segregation • Residents separated from commercial and manufacturing areas • Housing segregated by cost, size, location, etc • Zoning Ordinances • Spatial separation- residential, commercial, industrial to prevent mixed land use • Transportation Issues • Motor Vehicles- rush hour commuting • Public Transportation- rapid transit • Service vs. Cost- are projects worth it???? Suburban problems cont.

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