Welcome to Britain!

1. Welcome to Britain!

2. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland • population • political system • education • culture • traditions • sports • London • Authors

3. Population, People and Languages

4. Official Symbols of the UK The British Flag The Union Flag The Union Jack It embodies the emblems of three countries united under one Sovereign.

5. The British Flag , known as the Union Jack is a combination of three flags: the Saint George’s cross the Saint Andrew’s cross the Saint Patrick’s cross

6. The Welsh Flagdoesn’t appear ontheUnion Jack.

7. The Union Jack. On the flag appear: • the red cross of Saint George on the white ground, for England; • the white diagonal cross of Saint Andrew on a blue ground, for Scotland; • the red diagonal cross of Saint Patrick on a white ground, for Ireland.

8. National Emblems The English a red rose. The Scottish a thistle. The Irish a shamrock. The Welsha leek or a daffodil.

9. These are Britain’s patron saints and their days. England – St George – April 23rd Wales - St David – March 1st Ireland - St Patrick - March 17th Scotland – St Andrew –November 30th

10. Population in Britain: about 58 mln 228 per sq km England– 354 Scotland - 65 Wales - 134 Northern Ireland - 110

11. People in four lands of Britain derive from: • The Celts (from western & central Europe) • The Romans –occupied Britain in AD 43 • The Angles,Saxons and Jutes –Germanic • peoples –from the 3rdcentury

12. People in four lands of Britain derive from: • The Vikings from Scandinavia –from the end of the 8th century • Scots from Ireland, merging with Picts – in the 9th century • * The Normans from France – in 1066

13. The Celtic Kingdoms WalesIrelandScotland

14. Early Invaders The Vikings

15. LANGUAGES Indo-European Family The Celtic Languages The Welsh Wales, western countries The Scottish Scotland, the Highlands (form of Gaelic)of Scotland The Irish (Erse) Southern Ireland (form of Gaelic) Cornish the peninsular of Cornwall The Max variety the Isle of Man of Celtic

16. Early Invaders AnglesSaxonsJutes

17. Official Language of the UK The English Language * Germanic by its origin * a marriage of Anglo-Saxon &Norman-French tongues * the Queen’s English * standard one

18. Regional dialects of Britain ancient but full of interest;pronunciation and actual words vary greatly from county to county.

19. Political System of Great Britain

20. Great Britain is a parliamentary monarchy. The head of the State is the Queen.

21. The Queen of Great Britain now is Elizabeth the Second.She is a symbol of Britain’s long history and tradition. .

22. The Queen’s duties are: to open Parliament sessions, to sign laws and important documents, to meet important people, to visit other countries and public places, to appoint ministers.

23. The real political power belongs to the Parliament.

24. The Parliament consists of two Houses the House of Commons, the House of Lords.

25. MP’s are not elected to the House of Lords. The head of the House of Lords is Lord Chancellor.

26. There are 659 elected MP’s in the House of Commons The Head of the House of Commons is the Speaker.

27. The head of the Parliament is the present Prime Minister David Cameron

28. He lives and works at Downing Street,10.

29. The Prime Minister forms the Cabinet. There are about 20 MP’s in the Cabinet.

30. The Prime Minister + the Cabinet =the British Government.

31. Great Britain is a multipartite state. The main political parties are: the Liberal party, the Conservativeparty .

32. The British educational system

33. State schools –are free and provide their pupils with books and equipment for their studies

34. Private education 7% of British children go to independent schools.Fees vary from about 250 pounds a term for a private nursery to 3.000 –for a secondary boarding school

35. Public schools “Public” are the most famous schools among private ones. Eton is the best known of these schools.The majority of independent secondary schools are single-sex.

36. First steps. Nursery school prepares children for the start of compulsory education. Atmosphere is informal

37. Starting off Compulsory primary education begins at 5 and continues until 11 At 7 and 11 teachers measure children’s progress in each subject.

38. At 11 most pupils go to secondary schools-comprehensives. At 16 they take a national exam called ‘GCSE’ and they can leave school if they wish

39. Some 16-year-olds can stay on at school and study for 2 further years for A level in 2 or 3 subjects.

40. Other 16-year-olds choose to study for more practical (vocational) diplomas relating to the world of work.

41. On a higher level Universities and colleges accept students with “A”levels from 18.Students study for a degree that takes 3 years of full-time study

42. Education never stops.Millions of adults enrol each year on further education courses leading to different qualifications.

43. The Hidden Curriculum refers to the way the school is organised uniform discipline School-rules Form tutor punishment obedience It includes rules pupils are expected to follow.

44. Cultural Life in Britain

45. There are several main stages in Cultural life LiteratureArtMusical

46. An english architector Christopher Wren St. Pauls Cathedral 1675year It is one of thefinest pieces of architecture inEurope.

47. Westminster Abbey is a fine Gothic building The 8 century. Stands opposite the Housesof Parliament.

48. The Tower ofLondon 11 century. It has beena fortress, apalace, aprison, anda royaltreasure.

49. Art Galleries TheTate Gallery TheNationalGallery Turners Paintings Modern Collection

50. Theatres of Great Britain 300 professional Royal Opera House The Royal Shakes peare Theatre