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The Atom

The Atom. Prepared by: Timothy John D. Matoy. The Atom. The atom is the smallest particle that has all the properties of an element. Greek atom. Dalton Atom. 1808. ThomPson Model. 1890. Rutherford Model. 1911. Bohr Model. 1913. Atomic Structure. Atomic Notation. z X A

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The Atom

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  1. The Atom Prepared by: Timothy John D. Matoy

  2. The Atom • The atom is the smallest particle that has all the properties of an element.

  3. Greek atom

  4. Dalton Atom • 1808

  5. ThomPson Model • 1890

  6. Rutherford Model • 1911

  7. Bohr Model • 1913

  8. Atomic Structure

  9. Atomic Notation • zXA • Where: z = atomic number • X = chemical Symbol • A = Mass number

  10. Atomic Notation • Atomic Number (Z) – The number of proton in the nucleus or the number of electrons in neutral atom • Mass Number (A) – The number of protons and neutrons in an atom • Therefore: A – Z = the mass of neutrons in the nucleus.

  11. PRACTICE PROBLEM

  12. NUClear stability • Unstable atoms have excess energy in the nucleus. They will give off their energy until they reach a stable ground state.

  13. Some Significant element in the Radiological field with their atomic number • H – 1 • He – 2 • Be – 4 • C – 6 • N – 7 • O – 8 • F – 9 • Na – 11 • Mg – 12 • Al – 13 • P – 15 • Ca – 20 • Co – 27 • Cu - 29 • Ba – 56 • W - 74

  14. Atomic Nomenclature • Isotopes • Isotones • Isobars • isomers

  15. ISOTOPES • Atoms having the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons. • example: • 6C12 6C14

  16. ISOTONES • Same number of neutrons and different number of protons.

  17. ISOBARS • Atoms having the same number of nucleons (same atomic mass number) but different number of protons and neutrons. • Example: • 5B11 6C11

  18. Isomers • Atoms having the same number of protons and neutrons (therefore the same element) but have different nuclear energy levels.

  19. Isomers

  20. Molecules

  21. Basic Forces in Nature • Nuclear Force • Electromagnetic Force • Gravitational Force

  22. Nuclear Force

  23. Electromagnetic Force

  24. Gravitational Force

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