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Ancient Crossroads: Southeast Asia

Ancient Crossroads: Southeast Asia. Chapter 13 Section 3. French explorer Finds ancient city of Angkor while walking through rain forest in 1861 Angkor was a crossroads city for travelers from China & India. Henri Mouhot. Angkor.

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Ancient Crossroads: Southeast Asia

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  1. Ancient Crossroads:Southeast Asia Chapter 13 Section 3

  2. French explorer • Finds ancient city of Angkor while walking through rain forest in 1861 • Angkor was a crossroads city for travelers from China & India Henri Mouhot

  3. Angkor

  4. Making bronze tools, growing yams and rice, and sailing developed in Southeast Asia • Yams grown in Indonesia considered one of the earliest examples of agriculture ever discovered (between 15,000-10,000 B.C.E.) • Trade important: • S.E. Asia center of sea trading routes • Indian traders visit S.E. Asia around 100 C.E. • Goods exchanged: • Rice, tea, timber, and spices • Religious ideas and farming/metalworking skills exchanged Early History- SouthEast Asia

  5. Around 100 C.E., traders, Hindu priests, and Buddhist monks bring Indian culture to Southeast Asia • They brought art, architecture, & religion Indian Influence

  6. Buddhism in Southeast Asia • Buddhism founded by Siddhartha Gautama • Wealthy prince • Becomes wandering monk after seeing different signs that meant he should give up his life of luxury  What are the different signs he saw? • Monk life wasn’t working, sits under a tree, meditates, and achieves enlightenment News of his experience spread; people began to call him the Buddha, or the Enlightened One Began in Southeast Asia around 500 B.C.E. What are the major religions in India today?

  7. Buddha influenced by Hindu teachings, such as karma and reincarnation Life is continuing cycle of life & death • Buddha rejected Hindu caste system, priests, & the Vedas (ancient texts) • Four Noble Truths • Suffering, Cause, Extinction, & truth of the path • Once a person is free from desires & pain, one can achieve nirvana • What is nirvana? • To escape suffering, follow guidelines called Eightfold Path Basic Buddhist teachings

  8. Spread of Buddhism • Buddha’s followers spread this new faith to southern India, Southeast Asia, Central Asia, China, Korea, & Japan • Schools & communities were created for monks & nuns to live together & work

  9. Khmer Empire • Cambodia • Hindu • Had great temple, Angkor Wat • Declined when Buddhism grew & Hinduism was less popular Empires in Southeast Asia were based on major religions, such as Buddhism, Hinduism, & Islam. If the religion became unpopular, the empire would decline.

  10. Huge Buddhist temple called Borobudur was built in 6th century • Temple was built with 2 million cubic feet of stone • Shaped like a pyramid • At the top, temple is 103 feet high Indonesia

  11. Borobudur

  12. Buddhism spreads to Myanmar • 11th century: King Anawrahta establishes a Buddhist kingdom at the capital of Pagan • Thousands of temples were built in the kingdom • Most famous: Ananda Temple • Anawrahta was a very religious man • He sends a ship full of treasures to the temple commemorating where the Buddha is believed to have achieved enlightenment Myanmar

  13. Ananda Temple

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