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Chap 42 Amphibians

Chap 42 Amphibians. Amphibian Classification (with example). Kingdom = Animalia Phylum = Chordata Subphylum = Vertebrata Class = Amphibia Order = Caudata Family = Ambystomatidae Genus = Ambystoma Species = Ambystoma tigrinum. http://fwie.fw.vt.edu/VHS/.

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Chap 42 Amphibians

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  1. Chap 42Amphibians

  2. Amphibian Classification(with example) Kingdom= Animalia Phylum= Chordata Subphylum= Vertebrata Class= Amphibia Order= Caudata Family= Ambystomatidae Genus= Ambystoma Species= Ambystomatigrinum http://fwie.fw.vt.edu/VHS/ • Reference: Colbert, E.H. 2001. Colbert’s evolution of the vertebrates.Wiley-Liss

  3. Kingdom Animalia http://www-class.unl.edu/bios201a/ • Eukaryotes • Organelles, large cells • No cell walls • Specialized cell types

  4. Phylum Chordata • Gill slits • Dorsal nerve cord • Notochord or • vertebral column Amphioxus: a non-vertebrate chordate

  5. Subphylum Vertebrata • Vertebral column • Skull (i.e., cranium) http://medic.med.uth.tmc.edu/Lecture/labeled/bs106001.gif http://face-and-emotion.com/dataface/physiognomy/media/cranium_side.jpg

  6. Comparison of Vertebrate “Class” Traits (continued)

  7. 1stHomo sapiens 1st reptiles 1st amphibians http://www.cr.nps.gov/museum/exhibits/dino/geotime/

  8. Evolutionary Relationships Testudines (turtles) Mammalia Anapsida Synapsida Amniota Aves and other Dinosauria Squamata (snakes, lizards) Amphibia Diapsida Crocodylia Osteichthyes Sphenodonta

  9. 1st Amphibians (Devonian Period; 408-360 mya) http://www.lautringer.de/Alle_Dinosaurier_in_Kaiserslau/Dinosaurier_Album_1/ Eusthenopteron (a sarcopterygian fish) could be the ancestor of amphibians) Krohne (2000)

  10. 1st Amphibians (Devonian Period; 408-360 mya) http://www.nhm.ac.uk/hosted_sites/paleonet/vop/glimpse/lab-m.jpg Acanthostega (a sarcopterygian fish) could be the ancestor of amphibians http://www5b.biglobe.ne.jp/~hilihili/keitou/mizika/sarcopterygii/sarco-gazou/acantho.jpg

  11. Other Early Amphibians Forey (1988) http://www.geocities.co.jp/HeartLand-Suzuran/3621/ Diplocaulus (290-245 mya) Eryops (2-m long predator; 360-320 mya)

  12. Modern Amphibians http://www.mybitoftheplanet.com/2002/ http://www.herpnet.net/Iowa-Herpetology/ http://fwie.fw.vt.edu/VHS/ http://www.herpnet.net/Iowa-Herpetology/ Caudata Anura

  13. Modern Reptiles http://www.herpnet.net/Iowa-Herpetology/images/ Order Testudines (turtles) Order Squamata (lizards, snakes)

  14. Class Amphibians Less well adapted to terrestrial environment Smooth skin, no scales (no keratin ?) External fertilization depend on water for mating; sperm and eggs released together into water No embryonic membranes, Egg must stay moist usually in water, rarely in moist soil 02 Feb. 2009 Amphibians.ppt 14

  15. Anamniotic egg http://epod.usra.edu/archive/images/egg_mass.jpg • Jellylike (unshelled; must develop in water) • Small-sized (lack large membranes to nourish embryo and store waste) Amphibianegg mass

  16. Amphibian Life Cycle Live in two habitats exploit two sets of resources Produce large numbers of eggs No parental care, tadpoles “on their own” 02 Feb. 2009 Amphibians.ppt 16

  17. Amphibian Life Cycle Advantages Produce abundant offspring (less investment of matter, energy in each) At least a few likely to survive. Disadvantages Each egg/tadpole has small chance of survival wasteful dependent on water, few can live far from surface water 02 Feb. 2009 Amphibians.ppt 17

  18. Class Amphibians Order Caecilians Legless (apoda), burrowing (resemble earthworms, but with skull & backbone) Tropical blind 02 Feb. 2009 Amphibians.ppt 18

  19. Class AmphibiansOrder Urodela Order Salamanders (Urodela- tail visable) Primitive form with four equal legs Retain tail Freshwater-Not found in Australia Keep gills all life 02 Feb. 2009 Amphibians.ppt 19

  20. Salamanders (Urodela) • Mud puppies (East US) • Axolotl Rocky Mountains

  21. Compare Urodela to lizard

  22. Some secrete poison or bad taste

  23. Eastern American Hellbenderreach 17-21 inches

  24. Japanese Hellbenderreach 29 inches to 5 feet

  25. New Salamanders discovered in Costa Rica, January 2004 • http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2008/01/photogalleries/salamander-pictures/photo4.html

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