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Papua New Guinea

Papua New Guinea. By Annalivia. History of the relationship. Papua New Guinea, Australia’s closest neighbour, used to be separated into Papua and New Guinea- New Guinea was separated between Germany and Britain

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Papua New Guinea

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  1. Papua New Guinea By Annalivia

  2. History of the relationship • Papua New Guinea, Australia’s closest neighbour, used to be separated into Papua and New Guinea- New Guinea was separated between Germany and Britain • The eastern part of New Guinea, known as British New Guinea was placed under the authority of the Australian Commonwealth in 1902. In 1906, New Guinea was given to Papua but remained de jure to Britain. • In 1920 the League of Nations gave Australia a mandate to rule German New Guinea as well. • In 1945 Papua New Guinea become one united state, but was still ruled by Australia until 1975 when they gained independence.

  3. Agreements & Treaties • In December 1978 Australia and Papua New Guinea signed the Torres Strait Treaty which outlined each states borders and how the separating sea may be used. It also included ‘protected zones’ where native Papuans could continue their tribal lifestyle undisturbed. • In 2000 Australia and Papua New Guinea jointly commissioned the Treaty on Development Cooperation which promised a strong commitment from both sides to improving the effectiveness of aid programs in PNG. • For Australia is not so much a threat to our national security, but their instability is problematic as it is not in our national interest to have refugees in a country right on our door step. Pandemics such as HIV/Aids are also a threat to our national security because it could cross into Australia.

  4. Australia’s involvement in PNG • AusAID is Australia’s international aid program which aims to assist developing countries to reduce poverty and achieve sustainable development in line with Australia’s national interests. Through AusAID we are involved in a range of development activities in PNG. • In August 2008 Papua New Guinea and Australia signed a Partnership for Development in PNG. This partnership aims to accelerate progress towards the Millennium Development Goals and other development priorities. • Australia also has a Development Cooperation Strategy for PNG from 2006-2010 which states Australia supports PNG efforts to implement its medium term development plans and fiscal reforms. It has a strong emphasis on sustainability and capacity building • The development priorities decided on at the PNG Ministerial Forum in June 2009 are: • Improved transport, basic education, efficient public service, improved health, better statistical data. HIV/AIDs, Higher education and Law and Justice have been added since.

  5. What Australia receives out of this relationship • By improving PNG’s standard of living Australia is: • Decreasing the likelihood of asylum seekers • Ensuring health epidemics, such as aids, do not spread and cross into our borders, causing health concerns for Australia. • Appearing to be assisting the region, which will ultimately assist our overall relationship in the Asian specific and Asia as a whole • The relationship has also allowed us to build a detention centre for processing asylum seekers. • This means Australia would not be obligated to take all those deemed refugees as they would not be picked up from Australian borders. The centre was opened in ‘01 and then closed in ‘04. However, the coalition if in government say they would reopen Nauru and Labor have not ruled out Nauru if PNG became a signatory to the Treaty on Refugees.

  6. The relationships current status • In 2005 the Australia and Papua New Guinea relationship cooled after the then PNG PM was insulted when required by security officers at Brisbane airport to remove his shoes. The PNG community was very upset with hundreds marching on the Australian High Commission in Port Moresby demanding an apology. • However, since 2007 the relationship has improved. When Rudd was elected in ‘07 he set about mending the relationship between the two states. They have since made many of the development agreements I stated earlier.

  7. Trade and Economic Relations • Australia is by far PNG’s largest source of imports and is also its number one export market. • In 2007, Australia purchased 25.9per cent of PNG’s merchandise exports Australia provided 50.9 per cent of PNG’s merchandise imports, including crude petroleum, civil engineering equipment, specialised machinery and food, especially meat (excluding beef). • In 2008 Australia imported $2.9 billion worth of goods from PNG. Australia’s merchandise exports to PNG totalled $1.6 billion. Two way merchandise trade is valued at around A$4.5 billion annually, making PNG our 23rd largest trading partner. • The mining sector has traditionally been a focus of Australian investment in PNG, particularly gold mining and oil and gas.

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