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Maternal Health

2005-06 National Family Health Survey (NFHS-3). Maternal Health. Content. Antenatal Care and Use of Ultrasound Delivery Care Postnatal Care. Women* Who Received Antenatal Care. Percent. * For last births in the past 3 years. Up 11 pts. Up 12 pts. Women* Who Received Antenatal Care.

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Maternal Health

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  1. 2005-06 National Family Health Survey (NFHS-3) Maternal Health

  2. Content Antenatal Care and Use of Ultrasound Delivery Care Postnatal Care

  3. Women* Who Received Antenatal Care Percent * For last births in the past 3 years

  4. Up 11 pts Up 12 pts Women* Who Received Antenatal Care Percent * For last births in the past 3 years

  5. Women* Who Received 3+ ANC Visits Percent * For last births in the past 3 years • Only two-thirds of women who receive any ANC, have the recommended 3+ ANC visits • The share receiving 3+ ANC visits among women who have any ANC is nearly unchanged since NFHS-2

  6. Women* Who Received ANC In the First Trimester Percent * For last births in the past 3years • 56% of women who receive any ANC, received ANC in the first trimester • The share receiving ANC in their first trimester among women who have any ANC is up by 6 percentage points since NFHS-2

  7. Are women* receiving appropriate ANC? • 76% of women received two or more tetanus toxoid injections Among women who received ANC: • Less than two-thirds had weight, blood, or urine taken, or blood pressure measured • Three-fourths had their abdomen examined • 36% were told about pregnancy complications * For last births in the past 5 years

  8. 56% of married and 59% of pregnant women are anaemic. So, are pregnant women* getting iron and folic acid (IFA) supplementation? Percent *For last births in the past 5 years

  9. What are some notable differentials in access to ANC*? Percent *For last births in the past 5 years

  10. Residence Education Wealth Index Pregnancies with an Ultrasound Percent of pregnancies in the past 5 years

  11. Are ultrasounds being conducted for sex-selection? • There is evidence of sex selection, when the sex ratio at birth deviates from the normal of about 960-970 girls per 1,000 boys • Thus, the question can be answered by examining the sex ratio of births that result after a pregnancy with an ultrasound

  12. 1 child 2 children 3 children Are ultrasounds being conducted for sex-selection? Girls per 1,000 boys born in the past 5 years (for pregnancies with an ultrasound)

  13. Content Antenatal Care and Use of Ultrasound Delivery Care Postnatal Care

  14. Only about 1 in 7 home deliveries are assisted by a skilled provider Trends in Delivery Care Percent *For live births in the past 5 years

  15. Trends in Institutional Deliveries by State

  16. Selected Differentials in Institutional Deliveries* Percent Residence Wealth index Caste/tribe *For live births in the past five years

  17. Are women* using the public sector for their deliveries? Percent 84 68 39 33 20 18 13 Residence Wealth index Caste/tribe *For live births in the past 5 years

  18. How common are caesarean-section deliveries? 9% of live births in the past 5 years were delivered by c-section • 16% of first births are delivered by a c-section • C-sections increase sharply with women’s education and wealth • C-sections are almost twice as common for deliveries in the private sector than in the public sector: 28 vs. 15 percent

  19. Content Antenatal Care and Use of Ultrasound Delivery Care Postnatal Care

  20. Are women receiving postnatal care? Percent • For births whose mothers received postnatal care, • care was provided: • -By doctors for 72% • -By ANMs and other health personnel by 20% • -By dais or TBAs by 8% • For only 20% of home births was there any postnatal care *For last births in the past 5 years

  21. Institutional Deliveries Postnatal Care Percent

  22. Summary • Any ANC increased by 11 percentage points and 3+ ANC visits by 7 percentage points between NFHS-2 and NFHS-3 • Still, half or less than half of women get ANC in the first trimester and get 3+ ANC visits • Institutional deliveries increased by 7 percentage points between NFHS-2 and NFHS-3 • Nonetheless, more than half the deliveries still take place at home; half are not assisted by health personnel • The majority of mothers with a recent delivery did not receive any postnatal care

  23. Conclusion Despite improvements in the provision of maternal health care, at the current rate of change at no more than one percentage point a year, women’s reproductive health will continue to suffer well into this century.

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