GTSTRUDL Current and New Features and Enhancements

1. GTSTRUDL Current and New Features and Enhancements Dr. Kenneth M.(Mac) Will (Presented by Dr. Leroy Z. Emkin) GTSUG 2007 June 2007 Jupiter Beach, Florida

2. Presentation Outline Additional features added to Version 29 since last June’s presentation Version 29.1 – (released October 2007) Enhancements planned for Version 30 Future enhancements Demonstration of some of the new features

3. Additional Features Added to 29GTMenu Display Model will now display a member’s length, the K factors (KY and KZ) and the effective member lengths (LY and LZ) as shown on the next two slides.

4. Additional Features Added to 29GTMenu – Display Model

6. Additional Features Added to 29GTMenu As requested at the last year’s User Group meeting, we now label member names, member releases, section names, and other member information parallel to the member. An example of this is shown on the next slide.

8. Additional Features Added to 29GTMenu – Plastic Hinge Results We now label the percentage of plastic hinge formation at the ends of members as shown in the pulldown below. The Plastic Hinge dialog and results are shown on the next two slides. (This was omitted from the Version 29 Release Guide)

11. Additional Features Added to 29GTMenu An option to reset the following items to their Default Settings has been added to the Set Display Options dialog

12. Additional Features Added to 29GTMenu Redraw Solid will now draw I-GIRDER and PLATE GIRDER prismatic and variable member cross sections which were specified in the Member Properties command. The Moving Load dialog has been modified to make the Diagram option visible when the dialog is opened.

13. Additional Features Added to 29GTMenu The Graphics Window is now active upon entering GTMenu. This enables the user to use the HotKeys immediately without requiring a mouse click in the Graphics Window to activate it. The model is no longer redrawn when selecting a filename or when entering the View menu. When editing ID’s of joints, members, or elements, the tab or arrow keys may now be used to move the cursor between names in the ID list.

14. Additional Features Added to 29GTMenu The “i” hotkey now produces an isometric display. When creating a joint at a line intersection when the endpoints of the line are points, the user is now prompted to enter “Points”. A right click in the Graphics Window, now lists up to 20 duplicates (joints, members, elements) which exist at the same location in the Inquire Output window. When splitting a member using the Variable option, the cursor is now automatically positioned in the Number of Members input box. When labeling reactions using the “All” mode, the labeling is now confined to joints in the current window.

15. Additional Features Added to 29GTMenu The box indicating the currently active independent load on the Button Bar now has the title “Independent Load”. When creating three-dimensional solid elements, the text input box for an element’s thickness is now omitted. The number of members or elements now appears in the prompts when a user has requested the member volume or slenderness ratios or the element aspect ratios to be output from the Check Model dialog.

16. Additional Features Added to 29GTMenu The structure is now immediately redrawn when the Z-up checkbox is selected in the View dialog. When members with variable properties are selected by right clicking in the Graphics Window, the Inquire Output window now shows the Property Groups and segment lengths for each segment of the variable member as shown on the next slide.

17. Additional Features Added to 29GTMenu

18. Additional Features Added to 29GTMenu The default increments for Zoom and Pan have been changed to 0.02 and the default increment for Rotate has been changed to 2.0. Steel Parameter information has been compressed in the GTMenu Generated Input File. Information related to loads created using a Form Load command is now stored in GTMenu and retained when entering or exiting GTMenu. A GTMenu Generated Input File now contains Form Load commands.

19. Additional Features Added to 29GTSTRUDL Output Window The Analysis problems found option in the Analysis pulldown has been extended to include the GTSES solver as shown below:

20. Additional Features Added to 29GTSTRUDL Output Window The Dynamic Analysis Eigenvalue Analysis Data dialog now has an option to use the new GTSELanczos Eigensolver as shown below:

21. Additional Features Added to 29DBX A SUPPORTS ONLY option has been added the WRITE JOINT RESULTS command. If SUPPORTS ONLY is specified, joints in the given list that have not been specified as supports will be ignored and not included in the generated file. This will make it easier to export results for foundation design. The syntax of the revised command is shown below: WRITE JOINT RESULTS ( SUPPORTS (ONLY) ) JOINTS list

22. Additional Features Added to 29Dynamics Response spectrum analysis now checks the frequency/period bounds of response spectrum curves and issues a warning message if a structural frequency is found to lie outside the bounds of any of the response spectrum curves for the active response spectrum loads. The volume of warning messages pertaining to missing results reported by the CREATE PSEUDO STATIC LOAD command has been greatly reduced.

23. Additional Features Added to 29General The output for PRINT GROUP has been changed to include quotes (‘) around non-integer names and continuation symbols (-) for multi-line lists. This makes it easy to copy-and-paste from the output into a new command. Old format: JOINT NAMES: 99999 A1002 A1003 A1004 A1005 A1006 A1007 A1008 A1009 A1010 New format: JOINT NAMES: 99999 'A1002' 'A1003' 'A1004' 'A1005' 'A1006' 'A1007' - 'A1008' 'A1009' 'A1010'

24. Additional Features Added to 29General The EXISTING option for member-types, which includes members, finite elements, nonlinear springs, cables, rigid bodies and superelements, has been improved to add the optional subtype filter MEMBERS, ELEMENTS, NLS or CABLES ONLY. This will restrict the generated list to that subtype only, which is helpful when the various subtypes are mixed in the naming scheme. The syntax of the command is shown below:

25. Additional Features Added to 29General The CALCULATE SOIL SPRINGS command now allows a joint to be released in the direction of a nonlinear spring (COMPRESSION ONLY option). Previously, a warning message would be generated and the CALCULATE SOIL SPRING command would not be processed. The CALCULATE MEMBER ORIENTATION command has been added to allow you to automatically generate a BETA angle by specifying the orientation of a member's local XY or XZ plane. The syntax of the command is shown below:

26. Additional Features Added to 29General The GENERATE LOAD command in the MOVING LOAD GENERATOR has three new options and the format of the output has been changed. The first new option allows you to specify a moment arm for generating torsional loads. The second new option allows you to specify an alphanumeric name for the initial load. The third new option allows you to create a group containing the generated loads. The revised syntax for this command is shown on the next slide.

27. Additional Features Added to 29General

28. Additional Features Added to 29General Section stresses can be output now for unsymmetrical cross-sections. When the UNSYMMETRIC option of the LIST SECTION command is specified, the section stresses are computed and printed for the positive and negative axes sides of the cross-section. The LIST SUM FORCES command has been brought to release status. This command is used to perform a computation of resultant forces along a cut defined by joints which may contain members and elements The RUN command has been brought to release status. In addition, the HIDE option has been added, allowing you to prevent the appearance of the black Windows command window when batch (.bat or .cmd) or console programs are run.

29. Additional Features Added to 29General The ALIGN command has been brought to release status. This command is useful for aligning members which are almost vertical so that they conform to the “Special Case” of the Beta angle. The DELETE JOINTS WITHOUT JOINT COORDINATES command has been brought to release status.

30. Additional Features Added to 29General AREA LOAD error checking for illegal member configurations has been improved. An illegal member configuration is one where the areas to be loaded are not simply bounded. For example, X bracing should not be included in an AREA LOAD request, but declared INACTIVE before the AREA LOAD command. In addition, more modeling errors, including overlapping members (where some or all of two members' centroidal axes are co-incident), are detected and reported.

31. Additional Features Added to 29Nonlinear Dynamics A new BASE ISOLATION ELEMENT DATA command has been implemented for the purpose of defining a new class of two-node, global, base isolation elements, including at this time a sliding friction bearing element where the sliding/bearing surface is flat, and a friction pendulum element where the sliding/bearing surface is assumed to be concave and spherical. The element supports both a constant friction model and a variable friction model in which the instantaneous coefficient of friction is a function of slider velocity and bearing pressure. The base isolation elements are applicable for both nonlinear static and dynamic analyses. ( Mike Swanger will present more on this in a later presentation)

32. Additional Features Added to 29Offshore Several new parameters have been added to the FATIGUE MEMBER command. The CHORD LENGTH FACTOR parameter provides for the specification of a chord length factor. The actual chord length that is used in the computation of SCF factors for a fatigue brace member is now computed by multiplying the length of the chord member associated with the brace member by the specified CHORD LENGTH FACTOR. The CHORD LENGTH FACTOR must be greater than 0.0 and is taken as 1.0 by default. The CHORD FIXITY parameter has been added to the FATIGUE MEMBER command. The CHORD FIXITY parameter is used for the computation of SCF factors according to the Efthymiou method. The value of the CHORD FIXITY parameter may vary from 0.5 to 1.0 and is taken as 0.7 by default.

33. Additional Features Added to 29Offshore The FATIGUE MEMBER command has been enhanced to include an option to now select the Efthymiou equations to compute stress concentration factors for tubular joints having T, Y, K, and X classifications. Only the Kuang and/or Smedley equations were available in Version 28 and previous versions. For the APILRFD1 code, the reduction for FYLD has been removed as it is not needed for LRFD.

34. Additional Features Added to 29Rigid Bodies The TYPE RIGID command now includes a new GLOBAL option for the RIGID PLANE, PLATE, and PIN joint constraints. When this option is given, the planar coordinate systems for these rigid bodies coincides with the global coordinate system. The important implication of being able to use the GLOBAL option is that SLAVE RELEASES and JOINT RELEASES (for master joints that are also supports and have no other incident members and finite elements) are more easily specified with respect to the global coordinate system.

35. Additional Features Added to 29Static Analysis The new sparse matrix solver has also been extended to the PERFORM NUMERICAL INSTABILITY ANALYSIS command, using a syntax similar to that of the STIFFNESS ANALYSIS command: PERFORM NUMERICAL INSTABILITY ANALYSIS GTSES The statistical output from the GTHCS equation solver has been improved to now output information regarding the number of degrees of freedom, the number of terms in the skyline and the number of hyper-columns.

36. Additional Features Added to 29Steel Design A new warning message has been added to the LRFD codes (i.e. LRFD3 and LRFD2 codes) to indicate that nonlinear analysis is required. Load and resistance factor design (LRFD) codes require nonlinear analysis to account for the second order (P?) effects of the frame structures. Steel grades for pipe and tube cross-sections have been added to ASD9 and 78AISC codes. A new parameter called ‘Class3' has been added to EC3 code. This parameter allows the user to request that the code check or design to be performed shall be based on the class 3 classification.

37. Additional Features Added to 29Steel Design The Summarize command for the critical section prints the summary results for the section that has the highest actual/allowable ratio. When the KL/r actual/allowable ratio is the highest ratio during a code check or design, the Summarize command for the critical section outputs that section’s summary results. In general, prismatic sections have the same KL/r ratio for each loading and section. Since the KL/r value ratio is the same for all sections, when the Summarize command is issued and the KL/r ratio is the highest actual/allowable ratio, the summary results for the last loading and last section are printed. In this version of GTSTRUDL, the summarize output for the critical section has been modified to also print the section with the highest stress value. The section which has the highest stress value also has the highest KL/r ratio.

38. Additional Features Added to 29Steel Tables European channel (U) profiles from Table “U-Stahl” of the “STAHLBAU-PROFILES, 21., neu bearbeitete und erweiterte Auflage, überarbeiteter Nachdruck 1997" have been added to GTSTRUDL.

39. Additional Features Added to 29Utility Programs A new utility program, npf2ssc, has been added to convert Neutral Plot Files (NPF) into Scope Editor (.SSC) files. This allows users who generate NPFs with PLOT commands or through GTSelos to use the Scope Editor to view and print their files. This utility program may be found at the following location after installing Version 29: <install>\Utilities\npf2ssc where <install> is "C:\Program Files\GTStrudl" by default

40. Version 29.1New Features The GTSES sparse equation solver, first implemented under the STIFFNESS ANALYSIS GTSES command in Version 29, has been implemented as a stand-alone program. When executed as such, the GTSES sparse equation solver is able to allocate all available virtual memory to its own execution process, thereby increasing the efficiency of the equation solution beyond the improvements already made by the STIFFNESS ANALYSIS GTSES command. The STIFFNESS ANALYSIS GTSES command also stores the results of the analysis (joint displacements, member and finite element forces, finite element stresses and strains, reactions and resultant joint loads) in files in the current working directory, further increasing the size of static analysis models that can be solved and the efficiency with which they are solved.

41. Version 29.1New Features An example of a large model execution which completed in Version 29.1 but ran out of memory in Version 29 is shown below: Number of Joints 40042 Number of Members 3055 Number of Elements 41332 Number of Loadings 50 Number of Loading Combinations 48 Average Bandwidth + Standard Deviation 584 Time to solve using GTSES for 240,252 degrees of freedom = 197 seconds Total STIFFNESS ANALYSIS GTSES time = 767 seconds

42. Version 29.1New Features The AREA LOAD command has improved geometrical error detection and reporting. In addition, the total area and applied load are now printed as an additional verification tool. The output from the DESIGN SLAB command was modified to display a full listing of elements selected and used in the computation of the total moment acting on a cut section, for both the Wood & Armer and element force algorithms. The DESIGN SLAB command remains a prerelease feature in Version 29.1.

43. Version 29.1Status Undergoing final QA now Documentation is being prepared: Installation Guide Release Guide Verification Manual

44. Version 30New Features – Dynamic Analysis The GTSELANCZOS sparse equation Eigenvalue analysis procedure will be enhanced as a stand-alone program similar to the stand-alone GTSES static analysis equation solver in Version 29.1. This will enable considerably larger Eigenvalue analysis jobs to be solved even more efficiently than the present implementation of the GTSELanczos Eigenvalue analysis solver. In conjunction with this enhancement, the entire mode superposition method of analysis will be extended to support the external file strategy for storing and managing dynamic analysis results. Computation of minimum seismic load according to latest IBC provisions.

45. Version 30New Features – Dynamic Analysis Modifications will be made to the RESPONSE SPECTRUM LOAD command and the procedures for the computation of response spectrum mode combinations (the Gupta Method) in order to implement the Complete Solution for Response Spectrum Analysis pursuant to US NRC Regulatory Guide 1.92, Rev. 2 Section 1.5.

46. Version 30New Features – Finite Elements New eight node six degree of freedom curved shell element for thin and moderately thick shells – CQSHELL6 Surface, temperature, and body forces Lumped and Consistent Mass matrix for dynamic analysis Geometric stiffness for linear buckling analysis Standard finite element output – LIST, CALCULATE AVERAGE Integration into GTMenu (geometry, loads, input file, contour results)

47. Version 30New Features - General LOCATE command updates and new features As models become larger and more complex, it becomes increasingly difficult to be sure a valid analytical model is being created. This is especially true if models are created by systems that are designed for physical modeling and then converted to an analytical model. Graphical inspection is a powerful tool, but is not appropriate for checking details and analytical consistency. The LOCATE commands on the next two slides give the structural analyst a method to detect analytical inconsistencies and modeling mistakes.

48. Version 30New Features - General LOCATE INTERFERENCE JOINTS list Add finite elements to the search for interference joints. Joints that lie within a tolerance of a finite element boundary edge or are interior to a finite element (2D or 3D) will be reported. Allow a list of members and/or elements. This allows you check limited areas for interference joints, for example, floor by floor.

49. Version 30New Features - General LOCATE FLOATING JOINTS ( (AND) -REMOVE ) Only joints that are not attached to any member, finite element, nonlinear spring or rigid body will be considered as possible “floating” joints. If a joint is used as a BETA REFERENCE JOINT it will not be considered “floating”.

50. Version 30New Features - General LOCATE DUPLICATE MEMBERS (order) – ( (AND) REMOVE ({ ADD LOADS } ) ) { FORCE (REMOVAL) } FORCE Remove duplicates (honoring RESPECT / DISREGARD) despite non-similarity of releases, etc. Cannot use with ADD LOADS. ADD LOADS Add loadings from duplicates to master. Member added inertia and dynamic loads are lost. Cannot use with FORCE.

51. Version 30New Features - General LOCATE DUPLICATE ELEMENTS ( (AND) REMOVE (ADD LOADS) ) Similar to LOCATE DUPLICATE MEMBERS. LOCATE INTERSECTING MEMBERS list TOL v Detect members within a tolerance (TOL) of each other to locate “crossing” members that may look correct graphically but should actually have a common joint at their intersection.

52. Version 30New Features - General AREA LOAD enhancements Check for interference joints and intersecting members in plane before attempting to locate bounded areas. Improve error reporting: List of 0.0 length members Start joint for "illegal configuration" to help with debugging. Add IGNORE NONORTHOGONAL MEMBERS option. Ignore members not within specified angle of global axis so bracing doesn’t need to be inactivated. PLOT option - create a Scope Editor file like the dialog display with shaded bounded areas.

53. Version 30New Features - General A separate dialog has been created for setting Attribute colors. The old Colors dialog has been renamed as setting Item colors as shown below.

54. Version 30New Features - GTMenu The Item Colors dialog is shown on the next slide. Note that the Color Palette has been expanded to now contain 64 colors. Also note that buttons now exist which will reset the colors for a black or white background in the Graphics Window.

55. Version 30New Features - GTMenu

56. Version 30New Features - GTMenu The new Attributes Colors dialog has options which now allow you to set the color for the three color option of Redraw Solid, Member Releases annotation, and the deselection mark. Other attributes will be added to this list. The new dialog is shown on the next slide.

57. Version 30New Features - GTMenu

58. Version 30New Features - GTMenu A new option has been added to the Display Model dialog which will draw each Table section using a different color (up to 64 different colors). These colors are assigned arbitrarily by default. The revised Display Model dialog is shown on the next slide.

59. Version 30New Features - GTMenu New Display Model dialog

61. Version 30New Features - GTMenu A Property Legend appears in a separate dialog box. You may place the legend on the screen. You may also select individual sections and they will be displayed in color with an Individual or Cumulative legend on the screen as shown on the next slide.

63. Version 30New Features - GTMenu You may also assign a specific color to a profile when you Create the Member Property group. An example of the new Member Property dialog is shown on the next slide.

65. Version 30New Features - GTMenu A new option has been added to display steel design parameters. This new option is available under the Display pulldown as shown below: The new Display Parameters dialog is shown on the next slide and an example is then shown on another slide.

68. Version 30New Features - GTMenu Member releases are now positioned away from the ends of the member. The legend for support springs now identifies the spring directions. When an item is deleted, its name is now removed from any group lists. Redraw Solid colors shapes that have been assigned colors when the user creates property groups in GTMenu. A new option will be added to allow the user to split finite elements. Initially this split will allow only uniform spacing each element.

69. Version 30New Features – Nonlinear Analysis The nonlinear member end connection and plastic hinge models will be supported by nonlinear dynamic analysis. Extend the GTSES external file solver in Version 29.1 to nonlinear static analysis.

70. Version 30New Features - Reinforced Concrete Design Add ACI 318-05 design for beams and columns with specified dimensions. (GIVEN B and H). The DESIGN SLAB command will be brought to release status.

71. Version 30New Features – Static Analysis The new GTSES external file solver will be available on 64 bit XP and Vista operating systems. This will allow even larger problems to be solved due to the increased virtual address space.

72. Version 30New Features – Steel Design Add Torsion and Warping design. This would be applicable to AISC ASD9 code. Implementation is for I shapes, Channels, Single Angles, and Structural Tubes. Torsional cases considered are: CASEs 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, and 12.

73. Version 30New Features – Steel Design Add new AISC 13th Edition code, AISC13. Implementation would be for I shapes, Channels, Single Angles, Tees, Double Angles, Square and Rectangular HSS, Round HSS, Solid Round Bars, Solid Rectangular and Square Bars. Also add Torsion and Warping design to AISC13 code. Implementation would be for I shapes, Channels, Single Angles, Round HSS, Rectangular and Square HSS.

74. Version 30New Features – Steel Design Steel Design Dialogs Parameter Dialog – Add structural tubes and pipes steel grades into the parameter dialog for ASD9 code. Parameter Dialog – Add new Torsion and Warping parameters to parameter dialog. Parameter Dialog – Add parameters for AISC13 code.

75. Version 30New Features – Steel Design Displacement Constraint Design Procedure will be available to select members to satisfy joint displacement constraints. The new GTSES external file solver will be added as an option.

76. Interfaces to Other Programs Tekla Structures Structural Desktop by Structural Desktop, Inc Intergraph’s Frameworks Intergraph’s SmartPlant 3D – CIS/2 AutoCAD – interfaces via DXF converter DSI’s intelliModel Other CAD programs which support DXF or CIS/2

77. Future Enhancements(GTSTRUDL Versions 30+)

78. Future Enhancements Multiple windows to allow for result display in a separate window than the model display. Graphically specify joints and elements to be used with LIST SUM FORCES command. List the contents of a Group in an Inquire box. Currently the contents can only be displayed graphically. Graphically specify Area Loads in GTMenu.

79. Future Enhancements (cont) Add a Display Options capability to the Principal Vector display for principal stress vectors similar to the one shown here for contouring.

80. Future Enhancements (cont) Add the option to Split Members to interpolate eccentricities between the start and end of the split members. Ability to click on a member and have a graphical summary of the results on just that member in a separate Window that can be printed.

81. Future Enhancements (cont) Addition of the following items to the input file created by GTMenu: Dynamic Loadings Eigen Parameters Dynamic Modal Damping Data Nonlinear Effects Nonlinear Spring Properties Nonlinear Solution Parameters Cable Network Data

82. Future Enhancements (cont) Add the ability to graphically display rigid bodies, joint ties, slave releases, and superelement data.

83. Future Enhancements (cont) Add maximum moments and/or forces to the user specified sections for code check or design. User can specify from the maximum of FX, FY, FZ, MX, MY, MZ, or all of them. When user specifies maximum force or moment, the maximum locations are added to the list of sections that the user has already specified.

84. Future Enhancements (cont) Add an option to code check and design for a maximum envelope. This means first finding the maximum FX, FY, FZ, MX, MY, and MZ. These maximums are then assumed to act at a single location for the code check or design.

85. Future Enhancements (cont) Continue expanding the model data and results which are available in Datasheets. Use the new datasheets which allow printing and facilitate exporting to Excel.

86. Future Enhancements (cont) ASCE 7 equivalent static earthquake load. Hysteretic behavior for plastic hinges and nonlinear member end connections. Add elasto-plastic behavior to a limited group of elements. Graphically display other pushover information.

87. Future Enhancements (cont) Incremental nonlinear analysis to facilitate the use of nonlinear analysis to solve construction sequence problems. Add models for multi circular spirals in rectangular columns for pushover analysis. Add options for users to type in rebar coordinates or automatic equal spacing for pushover analysis.

88. Future Enhancements (cont) Generalizing nonlinear frame member model to support large finite rotation behavior. Center of stiffness computation in dynamic analysis. Response Spectra widening capability.

89. Future Enhancements (cont)Scope Editor Automatic insertion of items from a template File name Library of symbols to use for copy and paste Multi-page document Implement “Undo” function

90. Your assistance is needed to help us improve GTSTRUDL in your Committee meetings : Please provide us with a prioritized list of the features that you would like to see. Please be specific especially when requesting model wizard, design codes (which codes and which cross sections) or datasheet requests. Sketches of wizards, output, and graphical displays help us tremendously.