Keep It Physical, Keep It Real

1. Keep It Physical, Keep It Real Steven Glaser Center for Information Technology Research in the Interest of Society UC Berkeley College of Engineering Glaser@ce.berkeley.edu

2. Dense Instrumentation of Full Scale Structure -Performed through 12+ strong shakings -100+ channels of acceleration data per test 30 Motes on Glue-lam beam 25 Motes on Damaged sidewall  2003, Glaser@ce.berkeley.edu

3. Tokachi Port, Hokkaido Blast-induced Liquefaction Test  2003, Glaser@ce.berkeley.edu

4. Current Application: Instrument the Golden Gate Bridge! • Have a prototype structural health monitoring system up and running within a year • Culler, Fenves, Demmel, Glaser

5. The Berkeley "Smart Dust" Concept • Spread thousands of wireless sensor nodes casually over an arbitrary area of interest • They self-organize into a network conveying arbitrary information from any point to any other at whatever bandwidth is demanded... • ..while operating at incredibly low energy usage (i.e, off most of the time) to run for years on small batteries and harvested energy • ..and being extremely responsive in times of key activity • ..without ever bothering you about design considerations, intended usage, faults, or constraints (Stevie wants to be 6 foot tall) From Culler

6. Achieving this dream requires a broad-based team approaching the pieces as part of a system Students: • Laurie Baise: PhD – GeoEng; MS - Seismo; Prof. Tufts • Chen Min: BS, MS - EE; PhD - Civil Systems • JianYe Ching: MS, PhD – GeoEng; MS - EECS; Housner Fellow, CalTech • Dom Galic: MS, Appl. Math; PhD - Civil Systems • Jeff Moore: BS – Eng. Geol.; PhD – GeoEng • Albert To – MS – geo; MS – seismo; PhD - GeoEng • Ying Zhang: MS – Mat. Eng; MS – EE; PhD - Civil Systems Me – GeoEngineering, Philosophy, driller, vision thing Cohort: • David Culler – computer science, electrical engineering • Greg Fenves – structural engineering, computer science • Roger Howe – electrical engineering, MEMS fabrication • Al Pisano – mechanical engineering, MEMS • Kris Pister – electrical engineering, smart dust • Tim Sands – materials science, microfabrication • Nick Sitar - geoengineering, geology Private Industry: • Senera Inc. – remote structural prognostication • Dust Inc. – microMotes • INTEL Laboratory @ Berkeley • Marathon Products – environmental recorders • Shinkawa Sensor Tech. – rotating machinery health  2003, Glaser@ce.berkeley.edu

7. Keep It Physical, Keep It Real Current Project - Down-hole array - FireBug

8. Local Gateway - LINUX machine - high-powered radio - Ethernet server - power source - array aggregator - GPS 6-D accelerometer arrays - MOTE as brains - 24 bit, low noise accel - 9 bit, high amplitude - rate gyros - orientation magnetometer - pH, pwp, temp TERRASCOPE - 4-D Distributed Seismic Monitoring Network • integration of advanced technology accelerometers (30 ngrms/Hz noise floor, 24-bit direct digital) •integration of 3-D rate gyros, giving 6-DOF dynamic point measurements • integration of solar power, improved batteries, GPS timing, and ethernet server at the Local Gateway • fully dynamic networking, real-time reprogramming and peer-to-peer sensor fusion • integration of magnetometer, pH, pore pressure, and tilt • current1-off price $4000 per 6-D station

9. Colluvium 3 -5 m solar 3 m yagi Alluvial deposits collector antenna sands, gravels, silty clays 15 m Great Valley Sequence sandstone Hayward Fault Franciscan Formation metamorphosed shale, sandstone Development and refinement of vertical array seismic monitoring systems Local Gateway Optional custom- 3-D accelerometer arrays - LINUX machine formed bladder for - 24 bit, low noise - high-powered radio open holes - 9 bit, high amplitude - Ethernet server - rate gyros - power source - orientation magnetometer - array aggregator - Mote intelligence - link to base server - pH, pwp, temp 70 m 35 m rf does not work well in soils, so we must use wires anyway Wires work well for transmitting power Relatively simple set of commands needed for the experiment We know where the sensor nodes are, and they do not move much A few sensors in each hole Cartoon of the vertical seismic array and SeisMote  Glaser@ce.berkeley.edu

10. any analog sensor any digital sensor Create an "Instrumentation Processor" LINUX machine GPS timing Power source Rf link (high/low power) Web server COTS 16-bit MCU with 14-bit A/Ds Bank of programmable gain opamps 4 ~ 8 Mb memory Power control GUI interface Formatted output COTS COTS

11. FireBug: Adaptive Real-Time Geoscience and Environmental Data Analysis, Modeling and Visualization Nicholas Sitar (Civil and Environmental Engineering) George Brimhall (Earth and Planetary Science) Steven Glaser (Civil and Environmental Engineering) John Radke (Landscape Architecture and Environmental Planning) Raja Sengupta (Civil and Environmental Engineering)  2003, Glaser@ce.berkeley.edu

12. Drop GPS Motes - field networks capable of real-time distributed data evaluation and transmission • Helicopter based real-time topographic and ground cover mapping • GIS: real-time updating from multiple information streams • Full data field coupled to real-time burn model • Visualization and adaptive modeling of observed phenomena returned to in situ fire fighter

13. Top Bottom

14. Current FireBug Tasks • Race/deadlocks still exist in sensor board driver code. • Weather and air quality concerns limit controlled burn opportunities. We have to be able to move fast when necessary. • “Uplink” details for remote deployment are still sketchy.

15. Thanks! Prof. Steven D. Glaser Civil Engineering University of California, Berkeley glaser@ce.berkeley.edu 512/642-1264 The Boss