Unit 7 Ecology Practice & Review Questions

1. Monday 2/1/16**Pick up a Unit 7 practice sheet from the front table. **Get out your venn diagram & your review sheet from Friday.**Turn in your Unit 6 & 7 warm-up sheet.

2. Tuesday 2/2/16Get out your Unit 7 Practice.Unit 7 Exam TOMORROW!!

3. 3o 2o 3o 3o 3o 3o 2o 4o 3o 2o 2o 2o 2o 1o 1o Which organism(s) can be both a 2nd & 3rd level consumer? P P Coyote, Hawk, Roadrunner

4. Which organism would be on the bottom of the energy pyramid? Grass & cactus

5. Which organism has more energy available, grasshopper or lizard? Grasshopper (primary consumer)

6. In the nitrogen cycle, what organisms that live in soil and on roots fix or make usable by plants the greatest amount of nitrogen? Bacteria fix the most nitrogen.

7. What would happen if decomposers like earthworms or microorganisms were removed from an ecosystem? The cycle will be disrupted and slowed

8. Write in the percentage of energy at each level in the food chain. Grass Grasshopper Bird Snake 1% .1% 100% 10%

9. What is the role of the bird? 1o Consumer 3o Consumer Grass Grasshopper Bird Snake Producer 2o Consumer

10. What would happen if the birds were removed? Grass Grasshopper Bird Snake The grasshoppers would increase and the grass & snakes would decrease

11. Which level provides the most energy? 100% 3rd Consumer Wolf 2nd Consumer Raccoon 1st Consumer Grasshopper Grass Producers

12. How much energy is passed to the next level? What happens to the other 90%? 10% Used by the organisms at that level & given off as heat

13. How does species diversity change over time as a result of succession? Diversity INCREASES

14. What is the difference between primary & secondary succession? Primary succession begins with pioneer species (lichens) & occurs on barren, uninhabited land.

15. Pioneer species such as lichen and moss inhabit an area after a major disturbance, such as a volcanic eruption. Over time, other species are found in the disturbed area, and the number of pioneer species decreases. Why does the number of pioneer species decrease? Lichens & mosses break down rock & make soil to prepare the foundation for other species to follow. The competition reduces the pioneer species role.

16. List the descriptions in order of ecological succession. Barren land Lichens & mosses appear Grasses & small plants appear Small trees appear Is this an example of primary or secondary succession? Primary

17. Why does secondary succession occur faster than primary succession? There is already a foundation so fewer changes have to occur.

18. Why does diversity increase as ecological succession progresses? More complex species move in and take over, displacing the older, less complex organisms.

19. Why is overfishing detrimental to the overgrowth of plant life? Reduces the number of organisms that feed on the producers.

20. If a native species & a non-native species are competitors for resources, why is the non-native species more likely to survive than the native species?. The non-native species doesn’t have any natural predators in the ecosystem

21. Otters float and sleep on forests of kelp in the water. The kelp provides them a place to anchor in the moving water. The otters eat sea urchins, which normally feed on the kelp. What symbiotic relationship is this? Mutualism; they both get something good!

22. Fleas attach to the skin of warm-blooded animals, feed on their blood, and make the animals itch. What symbiotic relationship is this? Parasitism; the fleas are harming the dog by taking nutrients from the dog

23. Remoras attach themselves to the shark’s body. They travel with the shark and feed on the leftover food scraps after the shark has finished its meal. The shark is unaffected as it’s done eating anyway. What symbiotic relationship is this? Commensal; only one benefits

24. Bortzy shoots all the bears in 2 forests. In the first forest, everything dies as a result. In the second forest, a couple of animals die, but things remain mostly the same. Which forest has higher biodiversity? Which forest is more stable? Why? 2nd forest was affected less, therefore it was more diverse & stable. High diversity = more stable

25. In recent years, humans have interfered with the natural balance within deer populations in various ecosystems. The interference includes eliminating predators of the deer. What would be a long-term outcome of this interference? Less predators = more deer There would not be enough producers to support the increased population.

26. If the fossil fuels were no longer in this cycle, what would happen with the carbon? There would be less carbon output because the carbon would remain in the soil after decomposition. The whole cycle gets disrupted!!

27. How would the cycle be affected if the nitrates were removed? The whole cycle would be disrupted and plants would not get the nitrogen they need.

28. Explain how carbon is recycled within an ecosystem. Plants convert CO2 from the atmosphere to glucose in photosynthesis. All living organisms convert glucose back into CO2 with cellular respiration. Decomposers put carbon back into the soil (fossil fuels) when they break down dead organisms. Burning the fossil fuels releases Carbon into the atmosphere.

29. Don’t lose your Unit 7 Practice…you will turn it in for a grade tomorrow before the exam.STUDY!! DO YOUR BEST & MAKE ME PROUD!! 