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THE NORSE

THE NORSE. M R J A C O B S E N. Who are the Norse?. -Danes for Denmark - Norwegians from Norway - Swedes from Sweden. The Norse Expantion. East – Up river Volkhov to Novgorod.

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THE NORSE

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  1. THE NORSE M R J A C O B S E N

  2. Who are the Norse? -Danes for Denmark -Norwegians from Norway -Swedes from Sweden

  3. The Norse Expantion • East– Up river Volkhov to Novgorod. • -humped boats overland to source of Dnieper river to Kiev, the Black Sea, and Constantinople. • -From Novgorod to Volga river and then down to Caspian Sea, Baghdad. • South– Scotland, Ireland, and half of England (Stopped by Alfred the Great of Wessex). • -Friesland and France down to Loire. Lisbon, Cadiz, Seville, and Camargue. North Italy including Pisa. Normandy moved to Sicily. • West -(Mainly the Norwegians) – Iceland; Brattahlid, Greenland; L’Anse aux Meadows, Newfoundland; New England. • -“Discovered America” 500 years before Columbus.

  4. Lifestyle • -They were not just barbarians who killed everyone. • -Most of their lives were peaceful. • -They hunted, fished, and most importantly they farmed. • -Three social classes: Serfs, Peasants, and Earls or Warriors.

  5. Serfs • -Manual laborers • -Lived in huts made of turf and clay and they usually shared this hut with farm animals • -No patron God looked over them

  6. Peasants • -Smallholders • -Free men • -Lived in a pair of parallel long-houses with maybe 1 or 2 barns • -Patron God was Thor

  7. Earls or Warriors • -Distinguished by their wealth: The number of followers, treasure, ships, and estates. • -“Stuff” was passed down from oldest son to oldest son. • -Devoted family men who spent winters at home having great feasts. • -Summer – explored, traded, and robbed. • -Celebrated by the scaldic poets. • -Patron God was Odin.

  8. Food • -Wholemeal rye bread, porridge, herring, sheep, lamb, goat, horse, ox, calf, pig, cheese, butter, cream, beer, mead, wine (for Nobles). • -In Norway and Iceland whale, seal, and polar bear • -Cabbage, onions, apples, berries, and hazelnuts. • -Inland forests: elk, deer, wild boar, bear, hares, geese, chicken. • -Far north: reindeer and bison

  9. Values • -Leitmotifs of Havamal (Words of the High one) • *Value life itself • *censure naivete • *Cherish and celebrate friendships • *Beware of treachery • *practice moderation • *be hospitable (not too much) • *try to win the fame and good name that will outlive you. • -They knew that they were going to die and that nothing could stop that. So they tried living as much as possible before that happened. • -They were incredibly loyal to friends and family • -They knew there were hardships in life but one had to use it, rise above it, and carve a name for yourself through bravery, loyalty, and generosity.

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