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Verdun and Somme

Verdun and Somme. 1916 Around 698,000 deaths (French and German) at Verdun At Somme – Britain lost 60,000 in one day Total estimated 420,000 British, 200,00 French, and 500,000 Germans at Somme These battles show the futility of this “new kind of war”

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Verdun and Somme

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  1. Verdun and Somme • 1916 • Around 698,000 deaths (French and German) at Verdun • At Somme – Britain lost 60,000 in one day • Total estimated 420,000 British, 200,00 French, and 500,000 Germans at Somme • These battles show the futility of this “new kind of war” • What new types of warfare made this possible?

  2. 26.2 A New Kind of War • Objective: We will explore the new warfare tactics used, and the effects this had on populations of the world.

  3. Western Front Germans sweep through France towards Paris. First Battle of the Marne drives Germans back. Schleiffen Plan no longer an option. Russia now invades and Germany fighting 2 fronts.

  4. TRENCH WARFARE noviomagus.tripod.com http://www.diggerhistory.info/images/trenches/turks-trench-anzac.jpg

  5. Trench Warfare • Started along Western Front for protection and because they were outnumbered. W/ modern tech. Small numbers could hold out. • “Race to the Sea” • Life in trenches • What was “No Man’s Land”? • Casualties

  6. ARTILLERY http://www.worldwar1.com/heritage/bbertha.htm

  7. Tanks • First used during the Battle of the Somme (British Mark 1 Tank) 1916 • Designed to break stalemates and cross “no man’s land”

  8. WAR IN THE AIR: Zeppelins & Biplanes http://www.pilotfriend.com/century-of-flight/Aviation%20history/airplane%20at%20war/images/17a.jpg

  9. GAS Germans first use chlorine gas at Ypres in 1915 Allies retaliate Delivered by artillery TYPES: Chlorine Gas (Phosgene) Mustard Gas http://www-cgsc.army.mil/carl/resources/csi/Heller/images/hellerp81.jpg

  10. Chemical Warfare • Choking agents (chlorine/phosgene) • Blister agents (mustard) • Irritants (tear gas) also used

  11. MACHINE GUN Machine Guns - European http://www.firstworldwar.com/weaponry/machineguns.htm

  12. Naval Warfare

  13. Question • In which ways as warfare affected by new technology?

  14. Eastern Front German/Russian border Nationalistic fighting w/Russians and Serbs vs. Austria, Germany, Ottoman Empire. Repeated offensives by both sides led to massive casualties. Tannenberg is example. 10,000 of 150,000 escaped

  15. Russia • Continuous lack of supplies for troops • Germans/Ottomans blocked naval support. • What did Russia do for the allies? • Didn’t allow Germany to use full force in the West. • Lost massive amounts of men, continued to recruit and lose more. Leads to domestic problems. • World War spreads to Africa and Asia.

  16. Global War Japan and Italy join Allies, widening conflict. Gallipoli campaign looked to take the Dardanelles (1915-1916). Allies suffered over 250,000 casualties, disaster.

  17. Japanese Expansion

  18. Around the World • T.E. Lawrence and Britain topple Ottoman cities. • Allies took German colonies in Africa • Colonial subjects fighting for allies. • Gandhi

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