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Chapter 24 Section 24.1

Chapter 24 Section 24.1. Noninfectious Diseases And Disorders. Section 24.1. Define noninfectious disease. Distinguish between hereditary and congenital diseases. List three factors that may cause congenital diseases. Noninfectious Disease.

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Chapter 24 Section 24.1

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  1. Chapter 24Section 24.1 Noninfectious Diseases And Disorders

  2. Section 24.1 • Define noninfectious disease. • Distinguish between hereditary and congenital diseases. • List three factors that may cause congenital diseases.

  3. Noninfectious Disease • A disease that a person cannot catch from another person or any other organism.

  4. Cancer CVD HBP Sickle cell anemia Cystic fibrosis Types Of Noninfectious Diseases These are just a few examples!

  5. Hereditary Disease • A disease caused by defective genes inherited by a child from one or both parents.

  6. Chromosomes. *Cell structures that carry hereditary information. Genes. *A short part of DNA that serves as a code for a particular bit of hereditary information. Chromosomes And Genes

  7. Sickle cell anemia Cystic fibrosis Tay-Sachs disease Allergies Type II diabetes Asthma Down’s syndrome Muscular dystrophy Types Of Hereditary Diseases

  8. Sickle Cell Anemia • When the genes carry incorrect information, this causes the red blood cells to become long and stiff instead of smooth and round. • This reduces the amount of oxygen that travels throughout the body, intense pain and/or organ failure is possible.

  9. Cystic Fibrosis • Most common among white Americans. • Results in very thick mucus in the lungs and digestive tract, which can block air passages inside the lungs. • Makes breathing very difficult, and increases the chance of lung infections.

  10. TAY-SACHS Disease • Caused by a defective gene that causes fat to accumulate in the brain. • Symptoms include: seizures, mental retardation, blindness and death by the age of 3 or 4. • Most common in families of eastern European origin.

  11. Muscular Dystrophy • Several genetic diseases that cause muscles to weaken and degenerate.

  12. Type I I Diabetes • Occurs when the hormone called insulin is lacking or is not used properly by the body. • Not enough to break down the sugar entering the body for energy.

  13. Allergies • Effect about one out of every seven people in the united states. • Many reactions can occur. • Common substance: dust, pollen, pets, food, mold. • You can inherit a tendency to have allergies.

  14. Asthma • Muscles overreact which causes the air ways to constrict and in turn air volume is restricted or cut-off. • Can be life threatening, more than 6000 people each year die.

  15. Down’s Syndrome • One in every 800 to 1000 babies born in the US have this disorder. • An extra chromosome in the body cells.

  16. Congenital Disease • A disease that is present from birth but is not inherited

  17. Fetal alcohol syndrome Cerebral palsy Epilepsy Types Of Congenital Diseases

  18. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome • Heavy drinking • Low birth weight • Mental retardation • Facial deformities • Heart defects

  19. Cerebral Palsy • Lack of O2 during birth. • Exposure to radiation or certain drugs. • Caused by damage to the brain. • Paralysis, unable to control muscles. • Difficult to walk or talk. • Many have normal intelligence.

  20. EPILESPY • Caused by a head injury or tumor. • Electrical activity is abnormal for shorts periods of time. • Several different types. -Grand mal: thrashing. -Petit mal: black out. -Psychomotor: repeated movements.

  21. Chapter 24Section 24.2 AUTOIMMUNE Diseases

  22. Section 24.2 • List three common autoimmune diseases. • Explain the difference between autoimmune disease and AIDS.

  23. AUTOIMMUNE Disease • A disease in which a person’s own immune system attacks and damages an organ of his or her own body.

  24. Causes • Some organs in the body are not normally patrolled by the immune system. • Example: if the immune system comes into contact with thyroid cells it will attack them as if they were a foreign body. • Heart valve cells are similar to other bacterium.

  25. Multiple sclerosis Rheumatic fever Type I diabetes Rheumatoid arthritis Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis Graves’ disease Types Of Autoimmune Diseases

  26. Multiple Sclerosis • Aka MS. • Attacks the fatty covering of nerves which protects the nerves.

  27. Type I Diabetes • Aka juvenile diabetes. • Attacks the cells of the pancreas with produce insulin.

  28. RHEUMATOID Arthritis • Attacks the membranes that line the spaces of the joints. • The joints may be destroyed or fused together.

  29. Hashimoto’s And Graves’ Disease • Both attack the thyroid gland. • Hashimoto’s destroys the gland and prevents the production the thyroid hormone. • Graves trick the gland into producing more.

  30. Degenerative Diseases24.3 Diseases that result from gradual damage to organs over time

  31. Cardiovascular disease Cancer Osteoarthritis Types of Degenerative Disease

  32. Cardiovascular Disease • Atherosclerosis • High blood pressure • Heart attack • Stroke

  33. Atherosclerosis • The most common cause of cardiovascular disease, it is the narrowing of the arteries caused by a buildup of fatty material. People with high cholesterol can develop this at an early age.

  34. High Blood Pressure • High blood pressure can damage the inner walls of the arteries and accelerate the process of atherosclerosis

  35. Heart Attack • When a coronary artery is blocked from atherosclerosis or a blood clot and no oxygen is received by part of the heart muscle. That part of the heart dies.

  36. Stroke • When a region of the brain is cut off from its blood supply, also from blocked vessels.

  37. Cancer • A disease caused by cells that have lost normal growth controls and that invade and destroy other tissues

  38. Cancer Facts • Second leading cause of death in the united states • Cancers cells form a mass called a tumor. A benign tumor does not invade surrounding tissue, a malignant tumor spreads • Early detection of cancer can make it completely curable

  39. Seven Warning Signs for Cancer(CAUTION) • Change in bowel or bladder habits • A sore that does not heal • Unusual bleeding or discharge • Thickening or lump in the breast or elsewhere • Indigestion or difficulty in swallowing • Obvious change in wart or mole • Nagging cough or hoarseness

  40. Osteoarthritis • Caused by wear and tear on joints over time. Very common among the elderly

  41. Factors you can not control Gender Hereditary Age Factors you can control Poor diet High blood pressure Lack of exercise Smoking Drinking alcohol Risk Factors for Degenerative Disease

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