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The Start of the Civil War

The Start of the Civil War. Secession!: SC  Dec. 20, 1860. Fort Sumter: April 12, 1861. Confederate officials began seizing federal-mint branches, arsenals, and military posts. Fort Sumter was a Federal outpost in Charleston, SC. . Fort Sumter: April 12, 1861.

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The Start of the Civil War

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  1. The Start of the Civil War

  2. Secession!: SC Dec. 20, 1860

  3. Fort Sumter: April 12, 1861 • Confederate officials began seizing federal-mint branches, arsenals, and military posts. • Fort Sumter was a Federal outpost in Charleston, SC.

  4. Fort Sumter: April 12, 1861 • Confederate forces asked for its surrender. • Lincoln refused and sent ships with supplies. • Confederate cannons began firing on April 12, 1861.  • FortSumter fell 34 hours later. • The Civil War began.

  5. Rating the North & South

  6. Slave/Free States Population, 1861

  7. Railroad Lines, 1860

  8. Resources: North & South

  9. Men Present for Duty in the Civil War

  10. The Union & Confederacy in 1861

  11. Secession!: Post Fort Sumter

  12. Overview of Northern Advantages • Larger population • North 22 million • South Only 9 million • More ships • Larger, more efficient railroad system • Lincoln - Very intelligent and dedicated • More industry - 81% of nation’s factories • Better banking system to raise $ for the war • 75% of nation’s wealth

  13. Overview of Northern Advantages • Wealth produced: • Factory production • Textile goods produced • Iron production • Coal production • Farm acreage • Draft animals • Livestock • Wheat production • Corn production

  14. Overview of Northern Disadvantages • Fought on Southern lands • Divided support for the war • Many believed the South had good chance of winning

  15. Overview of Southern Advantages • Fighting a defensive war • Local support of all men • familiarity with terrain • Motivation: seeking independence, unified support • Short communication lines/ friendly population • Experienced officer corps- (Lee, Jackson, Pickett) • Cotton - necessary for textile factories of England and France • Slave Labor in the early part of the war

  16. Overview of Southern Disadvantages • Smaller population • Few factories to manufacture weapons and supplies • Poor transportation system • Weak federal government = not strong enough to control Southern states • Jefferson Davis did not have complete power like Lincoln

  17. OverviewNorth’sCivil WarStrategy: “Anaconda”Plan • Goal: surround the Confederacy and squeeze them into submission

  18. The Anaconda Plan • Capture Richmond and force surrender • Expel Confederates from border states • Control of the Mississippi River to Stop the transport of: • soldiers • Weapons • Ammunition • Clothes • Food • other supplies needed • Blockade southern ports to stop • cotton shipments • supplies from foreign nations

  19. Southern Strategy • Goal: to be recognized as an independent nation in order to preserve their way of life • Defend its homeland, holding onto as much territory as possible until the North got tired of fighting • Capture Washington, D.C. • Control border states • Gain England's support • Expel Union troops from South

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