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Sex Hormones

Sex Hormones. Sex Hormones. Produced by endocrine glands Male endocrine glands = Testes Female endocrine glands = Ovaries. Hormonal Regulation. What happens when a male or female goes through puberty? Why?. Male Sex Hormone. Testosterone

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Sex Hormones

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  1. Sex Hormones

  2. Sex Hormones • Produced by endocrine glands • Male endocrine glands = Testes • Female endocrine glands = Ovaries

  3. Hormonal Regulation • What happens when a male or female goes through puberty? Why?

  4. Male Sex Hormone • Testosterone Secondary Sex Characteristics = Enable body to produce gametes • Lower pitch voice • Causes the testicles to descend • Changes in body form • Growth of beard/body hair Throughout the life of a man, his body will continue to produce testosterone, although the production rate will decline in old age. • Females also produce testosterone • Helps with osteoporosis & production of estrogen

  5. Female Sex Hormones • Estrogen & Progesterone – produced by ovaries • LH & FSH – produced by pituitary gland • Luteinizing Hormone • Follicle-Stimulating Hormone • Functions = 1. Secondary Sex Characteristics = enable body to produce gametes • Development of breasts • Change in body form • Growth of body hair 2. Enable body to prepare for pregnancy **Men also produce estrogen and progesterone!!

  6. Menstrual Cycle 1. The release of a mature egg from a follicle 2. The preparation of the uterus for pregnancy

  7. Menstrual Cycle • Begins a puberty • Ends at menopause • “Normal” (average) cycle is 28 days  can vary greatly and is affected by illness, stress and other factors.

  8. Menstrual Cycle • Four stages: • Follicle stage • Ovulation • Corpus leutem stage • Menstruation

  9. Menstrual Cycle • Four stages: • Follicle stage: • FSH stimulates maturation of egg in follicle. • Estrogen from follicle stimulates uterine lining to thicken. • This takes 10-14 days to complete

  10. Menstrual Cycle • Four stages: • Ovulation – • Mature egg released from follicle. • FSH inhibited by estrogen -> stimulates release of LH • This happens around/on day 14.

  11. Menstrual Cycle • Four stages: • Corpus luteum stage – • 10-12 days in length • Burst follicle develops into corpus luteum -> produces progesterone • Progesterone stimulates further thickening of uterine lining.

  12. Menstrual Cycle • Four stages: • Menstruation – • occurs if no egg is fertilized. • Progesterone secretion decreases • Uterine lining degenerates • Tissue/blood are discharged from body

  13. Hormone Overview - Ovary • Estrogen • Progesterone

  14. Hormone Overview - Pituitary • FSH • LH

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