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Understanding Diseases in Grapes Powdery Mildew BCMAF Grape Production Bulletin Stephen Eng, Evergro

Elements of an IPM System . Planning and Managing system to prevent insects,plant diseases and weeds.Identify pests, enemies and damage.Monitor pests and beneficials and environmental conditions.Make control decisions based on potential damage, cost, crop value, impact on other pests, impact o

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Understanding Diseases in Grapes Powdery Mildew BCMAF Grape Production Bulletin Stephen Eng, Evergro

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    2. Elements of an IPM System Planning and Managing system to prevent insects,plant diseases and weeds. Identify pests, enemies and damage. Monitor pests and beneficials and environmental conditions. Make control decisions based on potential damage, cost, crop value, impact on other pests, impact on beneficials and on the environment. Use multiple strategies such as mechanical, biological, chemical and cultural. Evaluate effects and efficacy.

    3. Powdery Mildew “mild-climate, dry weather disease” Symptoms Infected tissues show a whitish gray, dusty or “powdery” appearance ( powder is mycelium with conidiaspores and conidia ). Infected cluster stems become brittle and may break. Infected clusters before bloom may lead to poor fruit set. Berries are susceptible until sugar level reaches 8%, although established infection continues until 15% sugar content. Berries may split, dry up or rot before they reach full size.

    8. Powdery Mildew Disease Cycle Fungus overwinters as thin threads called hyphae inside dormant buds or as cleistothecia ( small black bodies) on fallen leaves, buds, bark , canes and left-over fruit. Fungus is active just before budbreak, spores are released and continue for about 6 weeks until bloom and are spread by rainfall and warmer weather ( 68-80 F optimal). Primary infection: 2.5mm rain,10-15C for 12-15 hrs Early infection is not always noticeable but the infection to new spore development period may be as little as 7-10 days. Free moisture is not required for fungus development. Low diffuse light favours disease development.

    11. Development of Grape PM

    12. Cultural Control Shaded and sheltered areas favours disease. Plant less susceptible varieties. Improve drainage- wet areas favours disease Canopy Management- sunlight inhibits fungus. Air Drainage- open canopies.

    13. Spray Schedule

    14. Fungicide Notes Note on Sulphur- Fungicidal activity is associated with vapour phase. Optimal temperature is 74-86F. Not effective below 64F. Less effective in humid vs. dry air. “Burning” could occur. Note on Bordeaux- 3-6-1000 = 3 kg Copper Sulphate or Fixed Copper+6 kg Hydrated Lime+ 1000L water/ha. Fixed Copper is less injurous to plants than Copper Sulphate.

    15. Fungicides

    16. Fungicides

    17. More Info www.agf.gov.bc.ca/cropprot/grapeipm/mildew.htm

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