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Size, Growth and Composition of Adolescent and Youth Population in India

Size, Growth and Composition of Adolescent and Youth Population in India. b y Dr. Sanjay Kumar National Programme Officer, UNFPA-India, New Delhi COMMEMORATING WORLD POPULATION DAY 2014 Vigyan Bhawan , New Delhi July 17, 2014 . Relevance.

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Size, Growth and Composition of Adolescent and Youth Population in India

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  1. Size, Growth and Composition of Adolescent and Youth Population in India by Dr. Sanjay Kumar National Programme Officer, UNFPA-India, New Delhi COMMEMORATING WORLD POPULATION DAY 2014 VigyanBhawan, New Delhi July 17, 2014

  2. Relevance • The adolescent and the youth population constitute a critical segments, as the future demographic, social, economic and political development depends on them • Therefore, investing in them seems to be the best way to leverage the nation’s competitive advantage for reaping the benefits of the demographic dividend

  3. Definition • Different countries define adolescent and youth differently. • The lower bound ranges from 12 (Jamaica) to 18 (Bangladesh). The upper bound ranges from 24 (Jamaica) to even 35 or 40 (Kenya, Pakistan). • While there are no universally accepted definitions of adolescents and youth, for statistical purposes, without prejudice to other definitions by Member States, the United Nations considers – • Adolescent Population: 10 – 19 Years • Youth Population: 15 – 24 Years Overlapping age category of 15 – 19 years

  4. Outline of the Presentation • Trends in size and % of Adolescents and youth population • Global perspective, India and its States • Future prospects of adolescent and youth population • Composition of adolescent and youth population by • Gender • Place of Residence • Social groups • Summing up

  5. 253 million Adolescent population of India is more than the total population of 18 Western Asian Countries in 2011 Armenia Azerbaijan Bahrain Cyprus Georgia Iraq Israel Jordan Kuwait Lebanon Oman Qatar Saudi Arabia State of Palestine Syrian Arab Republic Turkey United Arab Emirates Yemen Western Asia (236 million) Adolescent population Source: Census of India, 2011, UN World Population Prospects, 12th Revision

  6. 232 million Youth population of India is nearly equal to the total population of 18 Western Asian Countries in 2011 Armenia Azerbaijan Bahrain Cyprus Georgia Iraq Israel Jordan Kuwait Lebanon Oman Qatar Saudi Arabia State of Palestine Syrian Arab Republic Turkey United Arab Emirates Yemen Western Asia (236 million) Youth population ~ Source: Census of India, 2011, UN World Population Prospects, 12th Revision

  7. Adolescent and Youth Population: Global Perspective 2010(Million) Source: UN World Population Prospects, 12th Revision • Around 36% of the world’s adolescents and 38% of its youth reside in China and India • The proportion of adolescents population in India is higher than China

  8. Annual Growth Rate of Adolescent Population in Selected Countries (percent), 2000-2010 • The highest negative annual growth rate during 2000-2010 was recorded in Russian Federation, followed China, Japan and Brazil • Nigeria and Pakistan recorded highest annual growth rate

  9. Annual Growth Rate of Youth Population in Selected Countries (percent), 2000-2010 • Among youth population, Japan recorded the highest negative growth rate • Similar to the case of adolescents growth rate, Pakistan and Nigeria had the highest growth of young population during 2000-2010

  10. Future Prospects of Adolescents and Youth Population, India and China, 2010 - 2050 Youth Adolescents

  11. Growth of Adolescent and Youth Population in India, 1961 - 2011 • Adolescent population has increased from 85 million in 1961 to 253 million in 2011 (in five decades) • Corresponding increase in youth population is from 73 million to 232 million during this period Net additions during successive Census years • Unlike the decrease in the net addition of adolescent population during the last decade, the net addition of youth population in each subsequent decades has always been higher since 1961

  12. Trends in Percentage of Adolescent and Youth Population in India, 1961 - 2011 • Since 1971, the proportion of adolescent population has remained around 21% • The proportion of youth population has increased steadily from 16.7% in 1961 to 19.2% in 2011

  13. Adolescent and Youth Population: State Ranking, 2011 (Million) • Uttar Pradesh ranks first in terms of both adolescent and youth population in the country, accounting for 19.3% of total adolescents of the country and 17.5% of India’s youth • Bihar, Maharashtra, West Bengal and Andhra Pradesh are among top five states in terms of both adolescents and youth population, with varying ranking for the two segments, though all these four states each accounts for less than 10% of the share of adolescents and youth population of the country

  14. Adolescent Population: in India, 2011

  15. Percent of Adolescent Population, State wise, 2011

  16. Percent of Youth Population, State wise, 2011

  17. Trends in Adolescents Sex Ratio in Selected Countries, 2000-2010 • Among top 10 populous counties of the world, drastic declines in Sex ratio among adolescent population during 2000-2010 has been observed in case of China and India and also in Indonesia Sex ratio is defined as females per thousand males

  18. Trends in Youth Sex Ratio in Selected Countries, 2000-2010 • In case of sex ratio among youth population, China showed drastic decline of 36 points during 2000-2010 • India’s youth sex ratio has declined by 8 points during this period Sex ratio is defined as females per thousand males

  19. Trends in Adolescents, Youth and Overall Sex Ratio in India, 1961 – 2011 • Based on Census data, the adolescent sex ratio in India has been low – with the lowest at 882 in 2001 to the highest at 898 in 2011 • The youth sex ratio declined sharply from 990 in 1961 to 935 in 1971, and thereafter it fell in subsequent four decades, it fell continuously and during 2011 Census, it improved by 13 points (at 908) Sex ratio is defined as females per thousand males

  20. Top and Bottom Five States in terms of Adolescent and Youth Sex Ratio in India, 2011

  21. Size of Adolescent and Youth Population by Place of Residence in India, 2011 (Million) • 72% of the total adolescents in India resides in rural areas (181 million) • In case of youth population, 68% live in rural areas

  22. Trends in Percentage of Adolescent and Youth Population by Place of Residence in India, 2000-2011 • Percent of adolescent population in urban areas declined from 21.9% in 2001 to 19.2% in 2011, while in rural areas it remained more or less same • The reverses is observed in case of percent of youth population. In rural areas, it increased from 17.7% in 2001 to 18.9% in 2011, while in rural areas it remained more or less same

  23. Social Composition of Adolescent and Youth Population in India, 2011 (Population size in Million) • 44 million adolescents belong to Scheduled Caste category, comprising 17% of the total adolescent population of the country • 23 million adolescents belong to Scheduled Tribe category, comprising 9% of the total adolescents in the country • Among youth, 40 and 20 million belong to SC and ST respectively

  24. Summing Up • The current and future prospects of adolescent and youth population, as well as diversity, provides denominators for programme planning • It is up to us to take cognizance of the huge size and invest properly for the future development of our nation

  25. Thanks

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