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Epidemiology and pathogenicity of African bat lyssaviruses

Epidemiology and pathogenicity of African bat lyssaviruses. Wanda Markotter University of Pretoria South Africa. 1986. 3 isolates from South Africa. 1981. 1970. 2006. DUVV (GT 4). 1986. 3 isolates from South Africa. 1981. 1970. 2006.

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Epidemiology and pathogenicity of African bat lyssaviruses

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  1. Epidemiology and pathogenicity of African bat lyssaviruses Wanda Markotter University of Pretoria South Africa

  2. 1986 3 isolates from South Africa 1981 1970 2006 DUVV (GT 4)

  3. 1986 3 isolates from South Africa 1981 1970 2006 Paweska et al., 2006. Fatal human infection with rabies-related Duvenhage virus, South Africa. Emerg Infect Dis.2006;12:1965-1967. DUVV (GT 4)

  4. LBV isolates

  5. Several new LBV isolates in 2003-2006 from South Africa 4 isolates from fruit bats

  6. Several new LBV isolates in 2003-2006 from South Africa Markotter W, Randles J, Rupprecht CE, Sabeta CT, Wandeler AI, Taylor PJ, Nel LH. Recent Lagos bat virus isolations from bats (suborder Megachiroptera) in South Africa. Emerg Infect Dis. 2006;12:504-506. 4 isolates from fruit bats

  7. Several new LBV isolates in 2003-2006 from South Africa First isolation of LBV from terrestrial wildlife 1 isolate from a mongoose

  8. Several new LBV isolates in 2003-2006 from South Africa First isolation of LBV from terrestrial wildlife Markotter W, Kuzmin I, Rupprecht CE, Randles J, Sabeta CT, Wandeler AI, Nel LH. Isolation of Lagos bat virus from water mongoose. Emerg Infect Dis. 2006;12:1913-1918. 1 isolate from a mongoose

  9. Several new LBV isolates in 2003-2006 from South Africa 1 isolate from a dog

  10. LBV 11 isolates from South Africa Total: 18 isolates

  11. N gene analysis

  12. LBV

  13. Intrinsic variation 99.3% 94.8-99.9%

  14. Between A and B,C 79.1-80.7% Between B and C 82.7-83.3%

  15. ? New genotype <80% nt identity Between A and B,C 79.1-80.7% Between B and C 82.7-83.3%

  16. A value of < 1 indicates an overlap.

  17. Pathogenicity i.m. and i.c. i.c.

  18. Intracerebral (i.c.) and intramuscular (i.m.) inoculation 1 x 102 LD50 1 x 103 LD50 1 x 106 LD50

  19. Conclusions • Both DUVV and LBV is endemic in South Africa but not frequently reported due to lack of surveillance • Genetic diversity of LBV has been underestimated • Molecular phylogeny divided previously reported LBV isolates into three lineages independent of the gene used. • Two isolates previously classified as LBV fulfill the criteria to be a new lyssavirus genotype • Pathogenic profiles of phylogroup II isolates differ and some isolates indicate the same pathogenicity as a gt 1 representatives • Pathogenic characteristics of lyssavirus genotypes or phylogroups should not be decided based on one representative isolate

  20. Acknowledgements • Prof. Louis H. Nel (UP, South Africa) • Dr. Charles E. Rupprecht (CDC, USA) • Dr. Ivan Kuzmin (CDC, USA) • Dr. Claude T. Sabeta (OVI, South Africa) • Dr. Anthony R. Fooks (VLA, UK) • Dr. Florence Cliquet (AFFSA, France) • Dr. Janusz T Paweska (Special Pathogens, NICD, South Africa) • Dr. Robert Swanepoel (Special Pathogens, NICD, South Africa) • Miss. Charmaine Wilsenach (UP, South Africa)

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