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CHAPTER 10 TEST REVIEW

CHAPTER 10 TEST REVIEW. DNA, Protein Synthesis and Viruses. Identify the DNA parts:. A. B. C. D. Identify the DNA parts:. A PHOSPHATE. B Deoxyribose Sugar. C Nitrogenous Base. D Hydrogen Bond. What three parts of DNA make up one nucleotide?. ANSWER: sugar Phosphate

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CHAPTER 10 TEST REVIEW

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  1. CHAPTER 10 TEST REVIEW DNA, Protein Synthesis and Viruses

  2. Identify the DNA parts: A B C D

  3. Identify the DNA parts: A PHOSPHATE B Deoxyribose Sugar C Nitrogenous Base D Hydrogen Bond

  4. What three parts of DNA make up one nucleotide? • ANSWER: • sugar • Phosphate • Nitrogenous base (remember the song)

  5. Name 3 ways RNA is different from DNA: • 1. Uracil instead of Thymine. • 2. Single stranded instead of Double. • 3. Ribose sugar instead of Deoxyribose.

  6. What is the complementary side of this DNA strand? (DNA – DNA) • G - A - T - T - G - A - C - C - T - C - G – G • ANSWER: • C - T - A - A - C - T - G - G - A - G - C- C

  7. What is the complementary mRNA strand? (DNA – mRNA) • G - A - T - T - G - A - C - C - T - C - G – G • ANSWER: • C - U - A - A - C - U - G - G - A - G - C- C

  8. What are the 3 types of RNA? • a) t-RNA (transfer RNA) • b) m-RNA (messenger RNA), and • c) r-RNA (ribosomal RNA)

  9. Which bases are pyrimidines? • HINT: cut the pie • C – U - T

  10. Which bases are purines? • HINT: not cut • G and A

  11. Which bases are 2-rings? • HINT: be pure for marriage and get 2 rings • ANSWER: purines • A and G

  12. Which bases are one ring? • HINT: pie is one circle • C – U - T

  13. Which scientist(s)? • HINT 1: found DNA was genetic material • HINT 2: separated bacteria into: carbos, DNA, protein, RNA by a centrifuge • HINT 3: bald • ANSWER: Avery

  14. Which Scientist(s)? • HINT 1: Found DNA to be the genetic material • HINT 2: used bacteriophages • HINT 3:used “hot” sulfur and phosphorus • ANSWER: Hershey and Chase

  15. Which Scientist(s) • HINT 1: worked with Neurospora crassa • HINT 2: worked as a team • HINT 3: one-gene-one-enzyme • ANSWER: Beadle and Tatum

  16. Which Scientist(s)? • HINT 1: worked on finding DNA structure • HINT 2: used x-ray crystallography Photo 51 • HINT 3: a woman • ANSWER: Rosalind Franklin

  17. Which Scientist(s)? • HINT 1: worked on finding DNA structure • HINT 2: first put bases on outside instead of inside • HINT 3: won Nobel prize for finding DNA structure • ANSWER: Watson and Crick

  18. Which Scientist(s)? • HINT 1: worked on finding DNA structure • HINT 2: stole the Photo 51 • HINT 3: also got Nobel Prize • ANSWER: Maurice (the beast) Wilkins

  19. Which Scientist(s)? • HINT 1: 1920’s • HINT 2: worked with Pneumococcus bacteria R and S strains • HINT 3: Found hereditary transformation • ANSWER: Frederick Griffith

  20. Which Scientist(s)? • HINT 1: worked with animal sperm • HINT 2: a hottie • HINT 3: found A-T and C-G amounts even • ANSWER: Chargaff

  21. What if a DNA sample had 20% adenine, how much guanine should there be? • ANSWER: if 20% A and 20% T • then 30% C and 30% G

  22. Label the Parts of the Bacteriophage:

  23. Label the Parts of the Bacteriophage: 1 = DNA 2 = protein coat 3 = tail fiber 4 = tail 4

  24. Which enzyme? • Unwinds DNA • ANSWER: Topoisomerase

  25. Which enzyme? • Separates the 2 DNA strands (breaks H bonds for replication) • ANSWER: Helicase

  26. Which enzyme? • Adds nucleotides to DNA for elongation and also for proofreading • ANSWER: DNA polymerase

  27. Which enzyme? • Binds Okazaki fragments in the lagging strand • ANSWER: Ligase

  28. Which enzyme? • Adds RNA nucleotide primers • ANSWER: Primase

  29. Which enzyme? • Makes RNA’s • ANSWER: RNA polymerase

  30. What are the parts of the DNA replication fork?Leading strand, lagging strand, and DNA polymerase

  31. What are the parts of the DNA replication fork? Leading strand DNA polymerase Okazaki fragments on lagging strand

  32. What will the mRNA look like?

  33. What will the mRNA look like? HINT: exons discarded Introns kept and coded 1 2 3

  34. What amino acid is mRNA codon:AAA

  35. What amino acid is mRNA codon:AAA lysine

  36. What amino acid is mRNA codon:UGG

  37. What amino acid is mRNA codon:UGG tryptophan

  38. What codon is the START CODON?

  39. What codon is the START CODON? AUG

  40. What are • the three STOP CODONS? • ANSWER? UAA, UAG, UGA • (you could also figure this out by looking at the chart)

  41. AUGAGGCUAUAG UACUCCGAUAUC Met Arg Leu STOP

  42. What is the mRNA that will code to this anticodon?

  43. What is the mRNA that will code to this anticodon? AUG

  44. What does a tRNA carry? • A. codon • B. triplet • C. amino acid • D. ribosome

  45. COOL!

  46. How many? • Nucleotides in a typical gene? • ANSWER: hundreds or thousands

  47. How Fast? • Does DNA replication usually take? • ANSWER: About 50 nucleotides added per second

  48. Which process? • Codes DNA to mRNA? • ANSWER? Transcription • Codes mRNA to tRNA and protein? • ANSWER: Translation

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