Europe's Continued Interest in Africa after the Slave Trade Ended

1. Warm Up After the slave trade ended in 1808 why were Europeans still interested in Africa? What was the Berlin Conference (meeting) in 1884 about? Answer: Industrial Revolution=caused great need for raw materials needed for finished goods Berlin Conference was a meeting set up to divide up Africa between the European colonizers. It was to prevent a future war between colonizers!

2. Warm-Up pgs.507-511 1. In 1994 the conflict between the _____________ and the ________________ was a result of the colonial rule of ___________ (European country). 2. List one way Africa was impacted and devastated by the slave trade? Answer: 1. Tutsi & Hutu, Belgian. 2. Few workers were left, families were destroyed, traditions & culture was lost due to the human life lost.

3. Warm-Up • What was the name of the first original known slave trade post built along Africa’s West coast and how did it get its name? 2. What was the “middle” passage? Answer: • “Elmina” was a fort originally built for the exchange of gold w/ Europeans (Portuguese) for finished goods. Elmina means “the mine.” • It is the middle leg of the triangle trade-transporting slaves and finished goods from Africa to the Americas (Caribbean)

4. Colonialism and Africa World Studies

5. Life Before Europeans • Monarchies, democracies, central governments • Lived in big cities or small villages • Nomadic hunters or skilled artists

6. Slavery in the Americas • WHY DID IT OCCUR??? • Intense labor was needed to cultivate sugar and cocoa and harvest crops • Europeans did have labor: the Native Americans • The disease Europeans brought with them nearly wiped out the Native American population = No labor = Need to get labor from somewhere else • Europeans found labor by raiding towns in Africa or by trading irons for weapons in exchange for Africans’ slaves

7. Slavery In Africa • Before Europeans enslaved Africans, Africans enslaved EACH OTHER! • Village raids on other villages ended with taking captives for profit, servants, and soldiers • Slavery in Africa was like European serfdom • In the Ashanti Kingdom, slaves could marry, own property, and even own slaves • You were not born into slavery

8. Slave Trade

9. Slave Transportation

10. Impact on Africa • Europeans made more than 54,000 voyages to trade slaves • Many Africans were killed during raids • 2/3rds taken were men between 18 and 30 which left few behind to lead families and villages • African towns didn’t have enough workers

11. Layout of a ship transporting slaves Many Africans died on the passage to the Americas

12. Colonialism • Why would the Europeans want their land too?? • Industrial Revolution = more raw materials…… Africa has them!! • Inventions increased the speed of making goods • Little was known about the interior of Africa • Missionaries went to Africa to convert Africans to Christianity… often resulting in destroying African traditions. • Discoveries of interior Africa by Europeans such as David Livingstone and Cecil Rhodes

13. Scramble for Africa!

15. Competition for Africa • Each nation wanted the biggest or richest colonies and control of trade • To prevent war, the Berlin Conference took place in 1884 • Discussed how to divide Africa without consulting Africans • By 1912, all of Africa was colonized except for Ethiopia and Liberia

17. Impact of Colonial Rule • Europeans only cared about gold, diamonds, and other resources • Europeans looked down on African culture as inferior • Worsened conflicts between ethnic groups-Why? • In Rwanda, Belgians established a system where people were to carry identity cards • Hutu and Tutsi • Belgians decided anyone who owned more than 10 cows was a Tutsi and got special treatment • Hutus were resentful and led a massacre and civil war in 1994