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Antebellum South

Antebellum South. AP US History. The Southern Economy. Southern Society-Circa 1850. “ Slavocracy ” [plantation owners]. 6,000,000. The “ Plain Folk ” [white yeoman farmers ]. Freemen. 250,000. Slaves 3,200,000. Total US Population  23,000,000 [9,250,000 in the South = 40%].

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Antebellum South

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  1. Antebellum South AP US History

  2. The Southern Economy

  3. Southern Society-Circa 1850 “Slavocracy”[plantation owners] 6,000,000 The“Plain Folk”[white yeoman farmers] Freemen 250,000 Slaves3,200,000 Total US Population  23,000,000[9,250,000 in the South = 40%]

  4. Southern Population

  5. Southern Agriculture

  6. Georgia Plantation

  7. Ledger of John White • Matilda Selby, 9, $400.00 sold to Mr. Covington, St. Louis, $425.00 • Brooks Selby, 19, $750.00 Left at Home – Crazy • Fred McAfee, 22, $800.00 Sold to Pepidal,Donaldsonville, $1200.00 • Howard Barnett, 25, $750.00 Ranaway. Sold out of jail, $540.00 • Harriett Barnett, 17, $550.00 Sold to Davenport and Jones, Lafourche, $900.00

  8. Reliance on Cotton-changes on production 1820 1860

  9. Cotton Exports

  10. Resistance

  11. Slave Resistance • Refusal to work hard. • Isolated acts of sabotage. • Escape via the Underground Railroad.

  12. Quilt Patterns=Secret Messages • TheMonkey Wrench pattern, on the left, alerted escapees to gather up tools and prepare to flee; the Drunkard Path design, on the right, warned escapees not to follow a straight route.

  13. Rebellion

  14. Rebellion Nat Turner, 1831 Gabriel Prosser, 1800 1822

  15. Growing concerns over Slavery

  16. Distribution of Slave Labor

  17. Slave Owning Population-Circa 1850

  18. Early Emancipation in the North

  19. Laws on Slavery • U. S. Constitution:* 3/5s compromise [I.2] * fugitive slave clause [IV.2] • 1793 Fugitive Slave Act. • 1850  stronger Fugitive Slave Act.

  20. Slavery in the South-Unusual? • 1780s: 1st antislavery society created in Philadelphia. • By 1804: slavery eliminated from last northern state. • 1807: the legal termination of the slave trade, enforced by the Royal Navy. • 1820s: many newly independent Republics of Central & So. America declared their slaves free. • 1833: slavery abolished throughout the British Empire. • 1844: slavery abolished in the Fr. colonies. • 1861: the serfs of Russia were emancipated

  21. Missouri Compromise

  22. Compromise of 1850

  23. Harriet Beecher Stowe 1811-1896 • Author of Uncle Tom’s Cabin, 1852 • Sold 300,000 its first year • 1 million copies in a decade • Lincoln -“So this is the lady who started this great war”

  24. Presidential Election 1852 Franklin Pierce Democrat General Winfield Scott Whig John Parker Hale Free-Soil Party

  25. Results

  26. Kansas-Nebraska Act,1854

  27. Bleeding Kansas Border “Ruffians”(pro-slavery Missourians)

  28. Another Fight in Congress-”The Crime Against Congress Sen. Charles Sumner(R-MA) Congr. Preston Brooks(D-SC)

  29. Birth of Republican Party • Northern Whigs • Northern Democrats. • Free-Soilers. • Know-Nothings. • Other miscellaneous opponents of the Kansas-Nebraska Act.

  30. Presidential Election, 1856

  31. Dred Scott Decision • Dred Scott v Sanford, 1857

  32. Harper’s Ferry, 1859

  33. Lincoln-Douglas Debates • Illinois Senate race 1858 • A House divided against itself, cannot stand. • Popular Sovereignty

  34. The Final Nail Election of 1860

  35. The Candidates Abraham Lincoln Republican John Bell Constitutional Union Stephen Douglass Northern Democrat Stephen C. Breckenridge Southern Democrat

  36. The Republican Platform • Non-extension of slavery [for the Free-Soilers.] • Protective tariff [for the No. Industrialists]. • No abridgment of rights for immigrants [a disappointment for the “Know-Nothings”]. • Government aid to build a Pacific RR [for the Northwest]. • Internal improvements [for the West] at federal expense. • Free homesteads for the public domain [for farmers]. • Why would southerners oppose this platform?

  37. RESULTS

  38. A nation coming Apart? Discuss the cartoon. Who is presented and what is it symbolizing?

  39. One Last Attempt to Preserve the Union Crittenden Compromise: Senator John J. Crittenden(Know-Nothing-KY) Corwin Compromise Senator Thomas Corwin (Ohio)

  40. Secession!SC, Dec 20, 1860

  41. Fort Sumter: April 12, 1861

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