Salts

1. Salts

2. What is a salt? • A salt is a compound formed when the negative ions from an acid combine with the positive ions of a base • Neutrilization is a chemical reaction between an acid and a base that takes place in a water solution, the products of which are water and salts

3. Acid/Base Reactions • The general formula for an acid/base reaction is acid + base -> salt + water

4. Salt • Salt is important for all animals • Salts are also used in many industries

5. Titration • The process in which a solution of known concentration is used to determain the concentration of another • The standard acid or base solution is added to the unknown acid or base solution containing an indicator • Slowly add known solution until the entire solution changes color • At this point all of one substance has been neutralized • Using the known volume of standard solution used the concentration of the unknown can be calculated

6. Soaps & Detergents • Soaps are organic salts with a nonpolar organic chain of carbon atoms at one end and a polar sodium or potassium salt at the other. • They are made from a reaction of acids and other chemicals • The nonpolar end attatches to oils and dirt, while the polar end binds with water • Detergents are synthetic soaps that form more soluble salts

7. Versatile Esters • Esters are organic counterparts to salts • They are made from alchohols and acids. • They are used to make artificial flavorings and perfumes • Polyesters are synthetic fibers made of many esters in chains