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Parts of speech. Verb - Form. Introduction. What a verb is and what it does : A verb is a word or a phrase which expresses the existence of a state (love) or the doing of an action (play). Anglické sloveso, stejně jako české, vyjadřuje činnost, stav nebo změnu stavu.
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Parts of speech Verb - Form
Introduction • What a verb isandwhatitdoes: A verb is a wordor a phrasewhichexpressesthe existence of a state(love) orthedoing of anaction(play). Anglické sloveso, stejně jako české, vyjadřuje činnost, stav nebo změnu stavu.
Verb tenses • Simple (jednoduché). I work in thegardeneveryday. He playedthe piano yesterday. • Progressive (průběhové). I amworkingin thegardenthisafternoon. He wasplayingthe piano at 10.30 yesterday.
Verbalforms • The base: write, work. • The–s form: writes, works. • The past: wrote, worked. • The –ingparticiple: writing, working. • The –edparticiple: written,worked.
The–sform • Work →works. • Dance →dances. • Do →does. • Go →goes. • Have →has. • Play →plays. • Study →studies.
The–ingform • Come →coming. • Write →writing. • Dance →dancing. • Run →running. • Study →studying. • Lie →lying. • Agree →agreeing.
The–edform • Work →worked. • Dance →danced. • Stop →stopped. • Plan →planned. • Play →played. • Study →studied.
Irregularverbs • Theydifferfromregularverbs in the past formor in the –edparticipleformor in both these forms. Na rozdíl od pravidelných sloves mají zcela odlišný 2. tvar, nebo 3. tvar, nebo 2. i 3. tvar. • write → wrote → written • buy →bought →bought • come →came →come • cost →cost →cost
Literatura • ALEXANDER, L. G. LongmanEnglishGrammar.1. vyd. London and New York: Longman, 1988. ISBN 0-582-55892-1. • MURPHY, R. EssentialGrammar in Use. 3. vyd. Cambridge: CUP, 2007. ISBN 978-0-521-67543-7. • SVOBODA, A., KUČERA, K. English Parts of Speech. 1. vyd. Opava: SU v Opavě, 2005. ISBN 80-7248-199-1.
Odpověz: 1) Co to je sloveso? 2) Uveď příklady slovesných tvarů (verb form): 3) Dej uvedená slovesa do 3. os sg. V presentsimple: do_________ have________ play____________study________
4) Použij slovesa ze cvičení 3 ve větě. 5) Co znamená „irregular verb“ ? Uveď příklad: 6) Znáš nějaký čas, ve kterém použiješ –ingform? Uveď příklad: