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PARTS OF SPEECH

PARTS OF SPEECH. TAUGHT BY: PROFESSOR OF ENGLISH. LAY SENGHOR 016 940 392. I. HE. SHE. THEY. IT. What is a pronoun?. Definition: A pronoun is a word used instead of noun or name, to avoid the repetition of it.

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PARTS OF SPEECH

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  1. PARTS OF SPEECH TAUGHT BY:PROFESSOR OFENGLISH LAYSENGHOR016 940 392

  2. I HE SHE THEY IT

  3. What is a pronoun? • Definition: A pronoun is a word used instead of noun or name, to avoid the repetition of it. A pronoun is a part of speech that substitutes for nouns or noun phrases and designates persons or things asked for, previously specified, or understood.

  4. PRONOUNS • Classification and Definition Self-pronoun Personal pronoun Possessive pronoun Demonstrative pronoun Relative pronoun Interrogative pronoun Indefinite pronoun Reciprocal pronoun

  5. What is a personal pronoun? • Definition: A personal pronoun is a kind of pronouns that is used to denote the three persons. Second person First person Third person

  6. Personal pronoun is divided: SubjectObject me WE I us you YOU him HE them THEY her SHE IT it one ONE

  7. FUNCTIONS OF PERSONAL PRONOUN • 1/ Subject of a verb They want to conduct a diplomatic negotiation with Sarah Palin about war in Pakistan. • 2/ Object of a verb I met them in New York during election campaign.

  8. 3/ Direct / Indirect object Obama provided it to them in conference after election. • 4 / Object of a preposition Ronaldo waits for me at the street corner. • 5 / Subjective complement If I were you, I shouldn’t do that.

  9. THE USE OF ( IT) • 1/ Subject of verb I have a dog. It is called Tony. • 2/ Object of a verb I can’t find it anywhere today. • 3/ Formal subject Sometimes, it is difficult to make a decision.

  10. 4/ Formal object I consider it as my duty to return gratitude to my parents for supporting me to study more English. • 5/ Subject of impersonal verb - Natural phenomenon - Time – Distance It rains. It takes 3 days.. It takes 2 km.

  11. 6/ Emphatic sentence Sok broke the glass. It was Sok that broke the glass.( It + be +noun + that..) • 7/ In familiar expression It is said that……………………. It is believed that………………. It is reported that……………….

  12. 8/ For thing without life Here is your picture, take it away. • 9/ In speaking of the weather or the time It is cold today. It was 4 o’clock when she arrived. • 10/ For a young child When I saw the child. It was crying.

  13. What is a possessive pronoun? • Definition: A possessive pronoun is a kind of pronouns that is used to show possession and is used to replace the possessive adjective plus noun. Ex- I heard his vioce. It is really his.

  14. REMARK ON DOUBLE POSSESSIVE Ex- Please show me one of your picture. Ex- Please show me a picture of yours. Ex- She introduced me to one of Sok’s friends. NOUN + OF + POSSESSIVE PRONOUN

  15. POSSESSIVE PRONOUN Singular Plural mine ours yours his yours hers its theirs one’s

  16. What is a self-pronoun? • Definition: A self-pronoun is a kind of pronouns which is used to show that the subject does something for himself or to emphasize the role of subject or object. Ex- He killed himself. Ex- I myself shot the tiger yesterday.

  17. SELF- PRONOUN Singular Plural myself ourselves yourself himself yourselves herself themselves itself oneself

  18. SELF- PRONOUN • SELF- PRONOUN IS DIVIDED INTO 2 Reflexive pronoun Emphasizing pronoun

  19. REFLEXIVE PRONOUN • 1/ Object of the verb Hillary loves herself too much. • 2/ Indirect object We can’t teach ourselves English. • 3/ Object of preposition Obama and Clinton work for themselves. Note: reflexive pronoun can’t be omitted.

  20. EMPHASIZING PRONOUN • 1/ To emphasize the subject The hunter himself killed the big tiger. • 2/ To emphasize the object I have met Sarah Palin herself. Note:emphasizing pronoun can be omitted and can be put right after the subject, object or at the end of the sentence.

  21. What is a relative pronoun? • Definition: A relative pronoun is a kind of pronouns that is used to introduce an adjective clause. that whom who whose as which

  22. FOR PERSON WHO ( THAT) - SUBJECTIVE CASE This is the man who brings me the news. WHOM ( THAT) – OBJECTIVE CASE The girl whom you told me is standing there.

  23. FOR THINGS WHICH ( THAT) – SUBJECT/ OBJECT Palin lends me a book which is very interesting. This is the novel which we are talking about. This is an information which we provided

  24. WHOSE - For person The mother whose boy died in the accident is crying painfully. • OF WHICH - For thing The house of which roof is red belongs to my uncle. • ASis used as a relative pronoun after such +pronoun and sometimes after the same +pronoun.

  25. What is a demonstrative pronoun? • Definition: A demonstrative pronoun is a kind of pronouns that is used to point out person or things. THAT THIS THOSE THESE

  26. ones such To avoid repetition Ex-There are two shirts. I like the red ones. Ex-Those students are clever ones. Ex-Such are people, I’ve never met.

  27. What is an interrogative pronoun? • Definition: 016 940 392 An interrogative pronoun is a kind of pronouns used to make questions. which what who whose

  28. For person what – is used to ask for occupation. which – is used to ask for choice. who – is used to ask for identification. whose – is used to ask for possessor. • For things what - is used to ask for information.

  29. What is an indefinite pronoun? • Definition. An indefinite pronoun is a kind of pronouns that is used to refer to number, but not any number in particular. one both each either neither several all every whole some any a little many much a lot of…..

  30. What is a reciprocal pronoun? • Definition: A reciprocal pronoun is a kind of pronouns that is used to show reciprocity between subject. Ex-In our society, we must depend on one another. Ex-Romeo and Juliet loved each other.

  31. What is a noun? • Definition: 016 940 392 A noun is a name of anything. It may be the name of a person, an animal, a place an action, a quality, or a state of being. Ex- a teacher, a sword, a bird, a town, revenge, loyalty, laziness………..

  32. KINDS OF NOUN • THERE ARE TWO MAIN KINDS OF NOUN ABSTRACT NOUN CONCRETE NOUN

  33. What is a concrete noun? • Definition: 016 940 392 A concrete noun is a kind of nouns that we can see and touch. Ex- teacher, school, laptop, car, plane book, cat, telephone, girl, ………..

  34. KINDS OF CONCRETE NOUN • THERE ARE THREE KINDS OF CONCRETE NOUN: COMMON NOUN នាមសាធា នាមប្រមូលផ្តុំ នាមអសាធា COLLECTIVE NOUN PROPER NOUN

  35. What is a common noun? • Definition: 016 940 392 A common noun is a kind of nouns that we can share in common. Common Noun is divided: COUNTABLE NOUN UNCOUNTABLE NOUN

  36. What is a proper noun? • Definition: 016 940 392 A proper noun is a kind of nouns that refers to a name of particular persons, animals, places………………………… Ex- Phnom Penh, London, Oslo, Paris Kopenhagen, Budapest, Cambodia Kampot, Pursat, Kampong Thom…

  37. What is a collective noun? • Definition: 016 940 392 A collective noun is a kind of nouns that refers to a number of things, animals or person as a whole. Ex- class, people, cattle, crew, committee, police………….

  38. What is an abstract noun? • Definition: 016 940 392 An abstract noun is a kind of nouns that we can not see and touch. Abstract Noun may refer: ACTION STATUS QUALITY

  39. FORMATION OF ABSTRACT NOUN 1/ ADJECTIVE + NESS Ex- happiness, laziness, greatness, bitterness……………………….. Ex- length, width, breath, youth, depth… 2/ ADJECTIVE + TH

  40. Ex- materialism, heroism, socialism…. Ex- friendship, ownership, scholarship.. 3/ ADJECTIVE OR NOUN + ISM 4/ NOUN + SHIP

  41. Ex- boyhood, childhood, neighborhood... Ex- construction, dictation, action…….. 5/ NOUN + HOOD 6/ VERB + ION

  42. Ex- freedom, kingdom, wisdom……… Ex- management, judgement………… 7/ ADJECTIVE OR NOUN + DOM 8/ VERB + MENT

  43. Ex- hunting, swimming, jogging, doing… Ex- love, taste, touch, fear, hate, smell… 9/ VERB + ING 10/ SOME VRBS

  44. SOME KINDS OF NOUNS COMPOUND NOUN NOUN EQUIVALENT DERIVATIVE NOUN AGENT NOUN MARTERIAL NOUN AGGREGATE NOUN

  45. What is a compound noun? • Definition: A compound noun is a kind of nouns which consists of two, three or more parts and is created by: Ex- postcard, bookcase, newspaper….. 1/ NOUN + NOUN

  46. Ex- sawing machine, swimming pool….. Ex- grandson, whiteboard, redpen…….. 2/ GERUND + NOUN 3/ ADJECTIVE + NOUN

  47. Ex- overcoat, upland, foresight………. Ex- pickpoket, cutpurse, cutthroat…….. 4/ ADVERB/ PREPOSITION + NOUN 5/ VERB + NOUN

  48. 6/ VERB + ADVERB Ex- breakdown, buildup, farewell……… Ex- income, outlook, input………. 7/ ADVERB + VERB

  49. Ex- spokesman, salesman, sportsman statesman………. 8/ POSSESSIVE CASE + NOUN

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