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P. aeruginosa

P. aeruginosa. Gram negative bacilli Aerobic non-fermenting Chromatid size 5.7 Mb Found in soil, vegetation, water. P. aeruginosa and Nosocomial Infections.

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P. aeruginosa

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  1. P. aeruginosa • Gram negative bacilli • Aerobic non-fermenting • Chromatid size 5.7 Mb • Found in soil, vegetation, water

  2. P. aeruginosa and Nosocomial Infections • Found in hospital environment in moist reservoirs: food, cut flowers, sinks, toilets, floor mops, medical equipment, disinfectant solutions. • Common problem in immunocompromised patients, burn victims, resident catheters, cystic fibrosis • Resistant to antibiotics

  3. P. Aruginosa Virulence Factors I • Adhesins • Alginate Production • Endotoxin • Neuraminidase • Exotoxin A • Exoenzyme S

  4. P. Aruginosa Virulence Factors II • Elastolytic Activity - LasA, LasB • Phospholipase C • Pyocyanin, Pyochelin • Antibiotic Resistance

  5. Mycobacteria • Non-motile, aerobic gram positive bacilli • Acid-fast • Slow growth • Resistant to detergents • Immunostimulatory • 74 different species, a third associated with human disease e.g M. tuberculosis, M. leprae

  6. Mycobacteria

  7. M. Tuberculosis Diagnosis • Mantoux test – PPD • Positive test – Redness and swelling (erythema) Hardening (induration) • Disadvantages – BCG Vaccination Slow development Anergy

  8. M. Leprae • Disease – Leprosy (Hansen’s disease): tuberculoid and lepromatous form. • Virulence factors – unknown • Transmission – Lepromatous leprosy: Highly infectious Tuberculoid leprosy: Low

  9. N. gonorrhoea • Aerobic, gram negative cocci. • Horizontal and vertical transmission • Health Problem: • High rate of asymptomatics • Antigenically variable

  10. N. gonorrhoea Virulence Factors • Capsule • Pilus (PilE, PileS antigenic variation) • Opa (Slipped strand mispairing) • LOS • Iron binding proteins: Tbp1,2,Lbp • Protease

  11. Stages in interaction of N.gonorrhoeae with cultured mammalian cells

  12. Stages in interaction of N.gonorrhoeae with cultured mammalian cells

  13. Phase Variation II: Slipped Strand Mispairing

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