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E-Government and Standards

Institute of Informatics in Business and Government, University of Linz, Austria. E-Government and Standards. Roland Traunmüller. Contents. State of Affaires of e-Government One-stop Government Standards for Data Interchange Standards for Identity Management.

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E-Government and Standards

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  1. Institute of Informatics in Business and Government, University of Linz, Austria E-Government and Standards Roland Traunmüller

  2. Contents • State of Affaires of e-Government • One-stop Government • Standards for Data Interchange • Standards for Identity Management LEFIS WS Rovaniemi

  3. Concepts Have Changed on “Government and IT” • Awareness emerged three decades ago (e.g. in Germany 1974 the term Verwaltungsinformatik was born). • New Public Management with an organisation focus is commonly used in the EU since two decades. • Some labels representing a technology focus occur as well: e.g. Information Systems in Public Administration (also name of the rspv. IFIP Working Group 8.5 founded 1990) • Additional concepts have emerged in the last five years. • e-Government, e-Transformation, e-Governance • Drop the “e” represents a radical view. • (… and some replacing it with “m” or “k”). LEFIS WS Rovaniemi

  4. Messages from the Como Study • 29 Countries participated with eligible countries: EU, Candidate and EFTA countries (32 in total) • Prime insights can be outlined: • e-Government is the key to good governance in the information society. • e-Government is impossible without having a vision. • e-Government is not just about technology but a change in culture. • e-Government is not just about service delivery but a way of life. LEFIS WS Rovaniemi

  5. … a Construction Site we Live in • e-Government surpasses the administrative reform policies inspired by New Public Management (NPM). • However, e-Government goes further than earlier approaches to modernisation. • It aims at fundamentally transforming the production processes of public services (not only managing them as in NPM). • e-Government thereby transforms the entire range of relationships of public bodies (G2C, G2B and G2G). • Thus, e-Government is a construction site we live in. LEFIS WS Rovaniemi

  6. One-stop Government as Goal • A lot of application run – yet the picture is equivocal. • Low take up of public e-Services is the big problem. • Unique access point to many public services and info • Single window principle hides the complexity behind • Compare: Golden Rule of Mechanics • Connecting glue between external customers and internal service provision • Splitting up of front-, mid- and back-office LEFIS WS Rovaniemi

  7. Process models Portals as the Linking Glue External citizen / customer Portal Front-office Intake and communication Mid-office Platform for secure transactions Back-office Service Production and Settlement LEFIS WS Rovaniemi

  8. Example: eGOV Project • „An Integrated Platform for Realising Online One-Stop Government“ with our Institute as partner • EU-Project IST-2000-28471 • 10 Partners of different type from 5 countries (GR, A, D, CH, FIN) • Starting June 2001 for two years • Coordination: GR, Archetypon (Themis Tambouris) • System help.gv.at as conceptual starting point LEFIS WS Rovaniemi

  9. user user One-Stop Government Portal National WAP/ GSM/UMTS global access point for Public Authority citizens, businesses and Network Internet National authorities Service Repository Service Creation Environment Local Public Local Public Local Public Local Local Local Authority Authority Authority Service Service Service Repository Repository Repository Service Service Service Creation Creation Creation Environment Environment Environment System architecture: eGOV platform for online one-stop Government . . . user LEFIS WS Rovaniemi

  10. Interoperability as Challenge over Open Platforms • Interconnectivity is a huge task and it has to be seen in the wider sense of the term. • At the conceptual level progress starts with ensuring interoperable platforms and establishing a common understanding of administrative concepts and processes. • On the technical level it reaches scalability of applications and defining formats for data interchange. • So interoperability and back-office integration are closely connected. • Its is interoperability that can bring tangible increases in effectiveness. LEFIS WS Rovaniemi

  11. Administrative Standards • The real crux: domain-directed descriptions and standards. • Established standards for data interchange: SWIFT, EFTS • The semantics of administrative processes is much more complex • Administrative terms all too often not adequately defined • Nature of the administrative process allows some openness • Close connection to legal rules • Dynamics and complexity in law • binding of legal decisions to territories and subjects • Exemptions, vagueness and even inconsistencies • discretionary power of street level bureaucrats. LEFIS WS Rovaniemi

  12. Semantic Standards for Data Interchange • Semantic standards as necessary condition for EDI. • An example: In the life situation of civil marriage a lot of transactions and number of repositories are involved. Before the event documents located in different agencies have to be checked. • Afterwards many updates on documents have to be made (change of name, civil status, common domicile). • Legal and administrative semantics of data need to be represented carefully, to allow global use of local data. Otherwise correctness cannot be granted. • Technical ways: GOVML as XML and RDF (eGOV Project); complex ontologies (POWER project) LEFIS WS Rovaniemi

  13. Cross Border Data Interchange Becomes the Rule • In the EU of tomorrow Cross Border Data Interchange is the rule. • When administrative documents cross state borders difficulties are mounting. • Having semantic standards is a must but far from being easy. • Sometimes it is different to find adequate meaning of terms: taking licenses, certificates and academic degrees • Different connotations of terms may occur: boundaries of professions as in the case of lawyer and barrister • Non-existence of counterparts may occur: public honours, awards, and titles and different categories LEFIS WS Rovaniemi

  14. Ways of ID Management • There Digital Signatures are defined, yet many important applications still run on conventional ways (combining passwords, magnetic trips, chips etc) • In the future biometrical methods may be the choice. • Partnerships are also a viable way. • As a broad deployment of digital signatures will take time intermediary solutions will become important. • They help to break a common deadlock: Few applications exist because there few citizen cards; deployment of such cards is weak, because too few applications are running… LEFIS WS Rovaniemi

  15. Interstate Standards for ID Management • Digital Signatures are defined long legal countries. • Cross border becomes a necessity: customs, online one stop applications. • Problems emerge when two different countries are involved. • A Pan European solution becomes necessary. LEFIS WS Rovaniemi

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