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Disorders of the Thyroid

Disorders of the Thyroid. By: Jessica Stevens. Normal Thyroid Gland. Actions of the thyroid Controls body temperature How body burns calories Controls how fast food moves through digestive tract Muscle strength Thyroid hormones: T3-thyroxine T4-triiodothyronine Calcitonin.

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Disorders of the Thyroid

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  1. Disorders of the Thyroid By: Jessica Stevens

  2. Normal Thyroid Gland • Actions of the thyroid • Controls body temperature • How body burns calories • Controls how fast food moves through digestive tract • Muscle strength • Thyroid hormones: • T3-thyroxine • T4-triiodothyronine • Calcitonin

  3. Hyperthyroidism Hyperthyroidism is present when the thyroid gland is over secreting hormones.

  4. Symptoms of Hyperthyroidism • Diarrhea and weight loss • Eye problems • Enlarged thyroid gland • Hair and skin changes • Heat intolerance • Heart palpitations • Clubbing • Menstrual cycle changes • Muscle weakness • Easily bruised

  5. Emotional Symptoms of Hyperthyroidism • Nervousness • Restlessness • Anxiety • Irritability • Sleeplessness or insomnia • Exhaustion

  6. Everyone wants to know how to diagnose these disorders… Early diagnosis is key to treatment and recovery.

  7. Diagnostics • How do we diagnosis these disorders?? • Thyroid stimulation hormone (TSH) test • Normal levels of TSH are 0.4-4.5milliunits/L. • Thyroid hormone test • In adults, a normal total T3 level is 80-230 ng/dL. Total T4 levels should be at 5-14 mcg/dL.

  8. Causes of Hyperthyroidism • Grave’s disease. • A benign nodule on the thyroid. • Thyroiditis. • Taking too much of the synthetic thyroid hormone.

  9. Who is more prone to develop Grave’s disease?? That’s right FEMALES…

  10. Grave’s Disease • With Grave’s Disease, the immune system begins to attack the thyroid and produces antibodies that mimic TSH. • Women are more likely to develop Grave’s disease. • Hereditary and environmental influences.

  11. Treatments for Hyperthyroidism • Radioactive iodine • Typical treatment is 3-12 millicuries. • However, this treatment can cause hypothyroidism. • It must also be followed by thyroid replacing hormones. • Beta-Blockers • Antithyroid medication-Propylthiouracil (PTU) or Tapazole

  12. Hypothyroidism • Hypothyroidism is present when the thyroid gland is producing little or no thyroid hormones. Thus slowing things down....

  13. Symptoms of Hypothyroidism • Ringing in ears • Numbness • Carpal tunnel • Poor memory • Skin changes • Voice changes • Milky discharge from breasts • Cold intolerance • Slow digestion • Weight gain • Fatigue • Thin, coarse hair • Brittle fingernails • Muscle aches • Dizziness

  14. Emotional Symptoms of Hypothyroidism Hypothyroidism can be linked to psychiatric depression. Roughly 15% of all patients suffering from depression are found to be hypothyroid. Some symptoms found are: • Paranoia • Aural and Visual hallucinations

  15. Causes of Hypothyroidism • Hashimoto’s thyroiditis • Treatment for hyperthyroidism • Congenital hypothyroidism • Radiation therapy given to the head and/or neck • Side-effect hypothyroidism

  16. Treatment of Hypothyroidism • Thyroid replacement pills-most common • Some medicines can cause hypothyroidism. • Stop the medication and symptoms should cease.

  17. Citations • Cronin, Colleen. (2005) Hyperthyroidism. Retrieved March 19, 2008, from WebMD web site: http://www.webmd.com/a-to-zguides/hyperthyroidism-topic-overview. • Katz-Wise, Sabra L. (2006). Hypothyroidism. Retrieved March 19, 2008, from WebMD web site: http://www.webmd.com/a-to-zguides/hypothyroidism-topic-overview. • Rosenthal, M. Sara (1999). The thyroid sourcebook for women. Lincolnwood, IL: Lowell House.

  18. THE END!!!!! • In conclusion, people with proper medical attention and patient compliancy can lead a healthy, active lifestyle with these conditions.

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