Accelerator R&D at Brookhaven National Lab

1. Accelerator R&D at Brookhaven National Lab • HEP • Accelerator Test Facility • Muon Collider/Neutrino Factory R&D • Superconducting Magnet Division • BES • NSLS Complex • NP • RHIC Complex

2. Accelerator R&D at BNL - HEP Program Accelerator Test Facility (Vitaly & Bob will describe in more detail) Hands-on User facility Experimental Program via proposals & program committee High brightness electrons (75 Mev) + High powered synchronized laser 4 beam-lines with ~ 10 experiments at any given time Facility Support via HEP & BES (20%) (~$2.5M) Moved from the Light Source to the Physics Department (3 years ago) ~ 8 FTE’s Issues Flat-flat funding over past several years Enhanced safety requirements increase demands on in-house staff

3. Accelerator R&D at BNL - HEP Program Muon Collider/Neutrino Factory R&D Strong BNL presence since the inception of these studies. Bob’s group have been “high profile” in both the Neutrino Factory and Muon Collider design studies, and continue to play such a role BNL takes the lead in the targeting studies FFAG based designs Home of the ICOOL simulation code ~ 6 FTE’s Issues After several years of benign neglect of the muon collaboration, the recent activity in neutrino super-beams has injected some interest into high power targets/horns Progress in other areas is slow

4. Accelerator R&D at BNL - HEP Program Superconducting Magnet Division LHC -> LARP (NbSn magnet development) ~$2M in FY06 ILC final focus R&D ~$600K in FY06 (mini-magnets, vibration, IP design) SC materials development - NbSn, MgB2, BSSCO, YBCO ~$700K ~ 14 FTE’s Issues: Cable test facility closed this year (lack of operating funds)

5. BNL Photoinjector IV Chicane Compressor Titanium Sapphire Laser 300 MeV S-Band Linac Accelerator R&D at BNL - BES Program NSLS Source Development Lab: A Platform for FEL R&D (ONR funds) 10 m NISUS Wiggler

6. 80 60 HGHG 40 20 Electric Field (kV/cm) 0 0.23 nm FWHM High Intensity THz SASE @ 400 nm HGHG FEL @ 266 nm -20 SASE x105 -40 -60 -80 Beam Dynamics High Brightness Beams XUV Photochemistry Wavelength (nm) Cutting Edge Experiments @ SDL Accelerator R&D at BNL - BES Program

7. Accelerator R&D at BNL - BES Program • Bursts of Coherent IR • Interferometer studies Pcoherent/Pincoherent> 104 (at ~40 GHz) • Microbunching ? • Streak camera studies • Frequency agrees with Z||(w) • Microbunching due to microwave instability VUV Ring Coherent Emission Studies B.Podobedov, G.L.Carr, S.L.Kramer and J.B. Murphy

8. Accelerator R&D at BNL - NP Program The RHIC complex is a major accelerator facility. In a few years it will be the only US high energy hadron collider and together with the LHC one of two in the world. The polarized proton program is unique. The R&D is mostly what this Committee would call short/medium term: largely determined by the operation of the RHIC complex (with a surprising degree of synergy with the LHC) Numerous beam dynamics issues are under study. • PLL tune & coupling feedback (real time coupling signal) • Beam-Beam (present proton limit) • Long range beam-beam compensation (with wires) • Head on beam-beam compensation (with an electron lens) • E-cloud studies (present heavy ion limit) • Non linear IR corrections • Polarized beam dynamics (low energy spin flip, cold & warm partial snakes in the AGS, full snakes in RHIC, polarized source, polarimeters, polarized beam simulations) • HI collimation and beam loss studies

9. Accelerator R&D at BNL - NP Program Short luminosity lifetime (few hours) for heavy ion collisions due to IBS cries out for beam cooling. IBS goes as ~ (Z/2)2 so Au ions ~ 3 orders of magnitude worse than protons. For polarized protons cooling both enhances polarization lifetime and luminosity. Cooling R&D: • Microwave stochastic cooling (HI up to 100 GeV) • High Energy (50 Mev) e-cooling ( HI up to 100 GeV, Proton inj) • Optical stochastic cooling (protons 100 GeV and above). Possible test at Bates with MIT.

10. Accelerator R&D at BNL - NP Program The e-cooling R&D program in itself is major activity: • SCRF Gun development (with ONR & AES) • 703 MHz CW, Iav = 0.5A, Qbunch 1.4 nc, Ekin 2 Mev, Emit 4 mm-mrad rms • First tests June 2007 ? • Energy Recirculating Linac R&D • Prototype ring under construction • 703 MHz SC cavities from AES

11. Accelerator R&D at BNL - Summary HEP supports specialized R&D activities at BNL which take advantage of the talents of the staff and facilities developed during the long HEP tenure as landlord. HEP accelerator R&D has been on a slow decline during the past decade. Although BES and NP do not obviously engage in R&D with the goal of developing the next generation of high energy facilities they do support accelerator R&D at BNL which does share a non-negligible synergy with HEP. It certainly helps support the gene pool and maintain the intellectual vitality.