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The Founding of Rome and the Republic

The Founding of Rome and the Republic. The Founding of Rome. There are 2 stories that have merged into one over the years. One is rooted in fact, the other in legend ***Legend: Romulus and Remus*** *** Fact: Aeneas *** Lets learn about the stories!. Aeneas.

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The Founding of Rome and the Republic

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  1. The Founding of Rome and the Republic

  2. The Founding of Rome There are 2 stories that have merged into one over the years. One is rooted in fact, the other in legend ***Legend: Romulus and Remus*** *** Fact: Aeneas *** Lets learn about the stories!

  3. Aeneas • Led his people to Rome after battle of Troy • Story of his journey told in the Aeneid (an epic) • Formed an alliance with native peoples: Latins • Married daughter of Latin King • and their son was ruler of Italy • Him carrying his father from the burning city of Troy

  4. Romulus and Remus • Twins who were found floating in Tiber River, rescued by a wolf who raised them • Adopted by a shepherd • Build a city where they were rescued, but fought and Romulus killed Remus • Named the city Rome, after himself • Said to be the first king of Rome

  5. Etruscans • Archaeologists found evidence of another group of people settling north of the Latins in Etruria before Rome was founded • People called Etruscans • Pirates and great traders • Dominated Northern Italy • Rome’s last 3 kings were Etruscan • Tyrant rulers • 200 yrs. • Overthrown by Roman farmer-soldiers • Abolished monarchy

  6. Etruscan Contributions • Made contributions to Roman civilization • Arch in building bridges • Foundation for Rome’s first sewer system • Alphabet borrowed by Rome • Slave fights at funerals were a model for gladiator games • Gods with human forms and soothsayers • Parade to welcome home soldiers

  7. Pg. 328 Rome Creates a Republic • Republic: political system in which people elect leaders to govern them • Created in 509 BC • Leader only ruled for 1 year (to limit power) • What is the difference between a republic and a monarchy? • A monarchy is ruled by a king or queen, not an elected ruler. • Why wasn’t Rome a democracy? • Even though officials were elected, they were chosen from only a small group of people and had all the power. (average person had no say)

  8. Challenges From the Outside • The Romans were frequently at war with those around them. They elected dictators, rulers with almost absolute power, to lead them (for six month terms) during these times of crisis.

  9. Cincinnatus • Cincinnatus was a ________________. He was a ___________ Who was chosen to ____________________________________. He was famous and considered an ideal leader because: What do you think about the government that Rome set up? Pros and Cons:

  10. Roman Society Was Divided Into Two Groups Plebeians Patricians

  11. Roman Government Magistrates Senate Council of wealthy and powerful Romans that advised the city leaders (consuls) Held office for life 300 members Mostly patricians at first -> wealthy Plebeians Got more powerful over time and had great influence over govt. (more than Magistrates) • Elected officials • Consuls = 2 most powerful (2 for power check) • 1 yr. term • Other magistrates each had own job and duties • Run city and lead army

  12. Roman Government Assemblies and Tribunes Civic Duty Duty to the city to make it prosper Govt. wouldn’t work without participation of people Attend assembly meeting Vote in elections Hold public office (wealthy) Admired for participation • Represented common people • Assemblies: Patricians and Plebeians • Primary job: elect magistrates • Tribunes: elected by plebeians • Had power to VETO (prohibit) • Powerful • 1 yr. term

  13. Checks and Balances Limiting power Today… We use a 3 part govt. system that has checks and balances to limit the power of any one branch. Much of our govt. is based off of Rome’s • Limiting terms • Govt. officials had ability to restrict powers of other officials • One consul could block power of another • Senate laws needed magistrate approval and ratification by assembly

  14. Checks and Balances Create a chart to show how the Romans set up a system of checks and balances

  15. Laws • None written at first, only Patricians who wrote laws knew them • Why would this be a bad thing???? • People didn’t want to be punished for breaking laws they didn’t know existed • People were unhappy and wanted written laws • Frist Written Laws • 450 BC • Written on 12 bronze tablets • Displayed in the forum. Rome’s public meeting place • Called “Law of the Twelve Tablets”

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