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Vocabulary Unit 3

Vocabulary Unit 3. Mrs. Williams English 9 and 9B. abridge (v.) to make shorter. Synonyms: shorten, condense, abbreviate Antonyms: expand, enlarge, augment EX Travel by air abridges the time needed to reach far-distant places.

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Vocabulary Unit 3

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  1. Vocabulary Unit 3 Mrs. Williams English 9 and 9B

  2. abridge (v.) to make shorter • Synonyms: shorten, condense, abbreviate • Antonyms: expand, enlarge, augment • EX • Travel by air abridges the time needed to reach far-distant places.

  3. adherent (n.) a follower, supporter; (adj.) attached, sticking to • Synonyms: (n.) disciple; partisans • Antonyms: (n.) opponent, adversary, critic, detractor • EX • The senator’s loyal adherents campaigned long and hard for her reelection. • Before we could repaint the walls of our living room, we had to remove an adherent layer of wallpaper.

  4. condone (v.) to pardon or overlook • Synonyms: ignore, wink at, turn a blind eye to • Antonyms: censure, condemn, disapprove, deprecate • EX • Our parents have always made it crystal clear to us that they do not condone rude behavior.

  5. dissent (v.) to disagree; (n.) disagreement • Synonyms: (v.) differ, dispute • Antonyms: (v.) agree, concur; (n.) unanimity, harmony • EX • Justices have an option to dissent from a ruling issued by a majority of the Supreme Court. • Some people voice their dissent on issues of public policy by writing letters to newspapers.

  6. eminent (adj.) famous, outstanding, distinguished; projecting • Synonyms: illustrious, renowned • Antonyms: obscure, nameless, unsung, lowly, humble • EX • A group of eminent scientists met to discuss long-term changes in Earth’s climate.

  7. fabricate (v.) to make, manufacture; to make up, to invent • Synonyms: put together, devise, contrive, concoct • Antonyms: take apart, undo, destroy, demolish • EX • Threads from the cocoons of caterpillars called silkworms are used to fabricate silk.

  8. irate (adj.) angry • Synonyms: incensed, infuriated, enraged, livid • Antonyms: calm, composed, cool, unruffled • EX • Long delays caused by bad weather are likely to make even the most unflappable travelers irate.

  9. pauper (n.) extremely poor person • Synonyms: destitute person • Antonyms: millionaire, tycoon • EX • During the Great Depression, many people were reduced to leading the desperate lives of paupers.

  10. pilfer (v.) to steal in small quantities • Synonyms: filch, rob, swipe, purloin • EX • An employee who pilfers from the petty cash box will get caught sooner or later.

  11. rift (n.) a split, break, breach • Synonyms: crack, fissure, gap, cleft • Antonyms: reconciliation • EX • Failure to repay a loan can be the cause of an angry rift between longtime friends.

  12. semblance (n.) a likeness; an outward appearance; an apparition • Synonyms: appearance, air, aura, veneer, facade • Antonyms: dissimilarity, contrast, total lack • EX • Despite a bad case of stage fright, I tried to maintain a semblance of calm as I sang my solo.

  13. surmount (v.) to overcome, rise above • Synonyms: conquer, triumph over • Antonyms: be vanquished, be defeated, succumb to • EX • Wilma Rudolph surmounted childhood illness and physical disabilities with three Olympic gold medals.

  14. terminate (v.) to bring to an end • Synonyms: conclude, finish, discontinue • Antonyms: begin, commence, initiate • EX • If you fail to perform your job satisfactorily, your boss may terminate your employment.

  15. trite (adj.) commonplace; overused, stale • Synonyms: banal, hackneyed, corny, timeworn • Antonyms: original, novel, fresh, innovative • EX • When you write an essay or story, be especially careful to avoid using trite expressions. • EXAMPLES: • The early bird gets the worm. • They're like two peas in a pod. • more fun than a barrel of monkeys • eat my dust • open a can of worms

  16. usurp (v.) to seize and hold a position by force or without right • Synonyms: seize illegally, commandeer, supplant • EX • The general who led the coup usurped the office of the duly elected president.

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