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Drinking Water Violations in Low Income Communities

Drinking Water Violations in Low Income Communities. GISWR 2017 Chinelo Agbim. Outline. Motivation Purpose Safe Drinking Water Act Policy Overview Data Sets Maps/Results Looking Forward/Future. Motivation: Growing Spotlight of Aging Water Infrastructure.

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Drinking Water Violations in Low Income Communities

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  1. Drinking Water Violations in Low Income Communities GISWR 2017 Chinelo Agbim

  2. Outline • Motivation • Purpose • Safe Drinking Water Act Policy Overview • Data Sets • Maps/Results • Looking Forward/Future

  3. Motivation: Growing Spotlight of Aging Water Infrastructure

  4. Drinking Water Contamination has Been Mapped A Lot But Not with Wealth Natural Resource Defense Council Vox Reuters

  5. Safe Drinking Water Act and Enforcement • Lead and Copper Rule • Other Violations: • Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) vs. Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) • Sampling Protocol • Issues with Sampling and Reporting • EPA does not have Flint POTW listed as a lead MCLG violation • Roughly 90% of drinking water violations only have informal actions

  6. Purpose: Map Correlation Between Drinking Water Violations and Wealth • Number of in Facilities Each County with: • (1) At least One General Drinking Water Violations: Data for Past 3 Years (both small and large water systems) • (2) At least One Lead & Copper Violations: Data for Past 5 years • Texas and California used because they have similar: • Percent of Poverty • High Population • Opposing Standards on Environmental Regulation • Why Poverty and Not Income? • Poverty has a Nationwide Standard

  7. Data Sets Used • Census Bureau-Poverty by County • US.gov- shapefiles for Counties • EPA: ECHO-Water Facility EPA Compliance Website by Address

  8. Map of Poverty and Water Violations

  9. CA Poverty and Water Violations

  10. Map of Poverty and Water Violations

  11. TX Poverty and Water Violations

  12. Map of Poverty and Lead & Copper Violations

  13. Map of Poverty and Lead & Copper Violations

  14. Future Work • Create a map of number of: • Number of people served by these systems in each county • Poverty in each county • Create plot of correlation between poverty and Lead and Copper Rule Violations • Report will elaborate on formal and informal enforcement actions in report

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